In my last blog, Beginner’s Guide to Genealogy: How to Start Your Family History Journey, I introduced the fundamental steps to tracing your ancestry. Today, we’ll take a closer look at the first and most important step: starting with what you know and documenting your lineage back two to four generations. Remember to pace yourself.
Step 1: Document Your Own Information
Begin your genealogy research by recording your own personal details, including your full name, birthdate, birthplace, children’s names (if applicable), and your parents’ names. From there, work backward, adding information about your grandparents, great-grandparents, and beyond.
Formatting Guidelines:
Names: Always list surnames first, followed by the middle and first names. If you’re a married female, use your maiden name.
Dates: Record dates in the format dd/mm/yyyy for consistency.
Locations: Document place names from smallest to largest (e.g., City, County, State, Country). If relevant, note specific locations, such as hospitals or churches, in the database’s notes section.
Recording Living People: When documenting information about living relatives, be mindful of privacy concerns. Avoid sharing full birthdates and personal details publicly, and ensure you have permission before recording or sharing their stories.
Step 2: Use a Family Group Sheet
A Family Group Sheet is an essential tool for organizing details about each family unit. It includes:
Parents’ full names
Children’s names
Birth, marriage, and death dates
Locations of these events
Sources of information (e.g., birth certificates, census records, family Bible)
Recording sources ensures the accuracy of your research and helps validate your findings.
Step 3: Interview Family Members
Speaking with older relatives can uncover valuable stories, names, and dates that may not be recorded elsewhere. When interviewing family members:
Ask open-ended questions to encourage storytelling.
Take detailed notes or record the conversation (with permission).
Cite interviews properly, e.g., Wescott, D. W. (2025, February 5). How did you meet Grandma? Personal Interview.
Step 4: Collect Family Documents
Search your home for old documents that may contain vital details, such as:
Birth, marriage, and death certificates
Family Bibles (citing it as e.g., The Dempsey Owens Family Bible, The Holy Bible (American Bible Society, New York 1853); originally owned in 2001 by William L. Owens)
Photos, letters, and newspaper clippings
Step 5: Create a Pedigree Chart
Once you’ve gathered family group sheets, transfer the information into a Pedigree Chart to visually map out your ancestry. This step helps identify gaps in your research and highlights where further investigation is needed.
Step 6: Organize and Track Your Research
Maintain detailed notes for each ancestor, including birth, marriage, and death details.
Use a Research Log to track sources, interviews, and locations you’ve searched to avoid duplication.
Libraries, historical societies, and archives often hold unique records unavailable online. Check:
Local newspapers
Probate and land records
Church registers
Step 9: Cite Everything
Proper citation is crucial for credibility and verification. While there is no single mandatory citation style for personal research, referencing your sources ensures accuracy. FamilySearch offers excellent citation examples to follow.
Additional Considerations:
Start with what you know: Avoid jumping too far back before thoroughly documenting current generations.
Verify information: Cross-check facts and sources to maintain accuracy.
Consider DNA testing: Genetic genealogy can provide clues about relatives and help fill gaps in your family tree.
Final Thoughts
Researching your family tree is a rewarding journey that requires patience, organization, and thorough documentation. By starting with what you know, interviewing relatives, and leveraging online and local resources, you’ll build a solid foundation for uncovering your ancestry. Stay curious, cite your sources, and most importantly—enjoy the process!
If you’re overwhelmed or unsure how to proceed, I can help! For just $25 per hour, I offer guidance to streamline your research, provide expert tips, and help you build a family tree that future generations will cherish.
Discovering Your Family’s Past: A Beginner’s Guide to Genealogy
Are you new to family history and ancestry research? Unsure where to start? Let’s explore the fascinating world of genealogy and uncover your roots!
What Is Genealogy?
Genealogy is the study of a family’s history and origins, often called family history. The term was first used in the 14th century when royal and aristocratic bloodlines were recorded to establish prestige (even earlier in China). Some family trees, such as that of Confucius, span 80 generations and date back 2,500 years.
Originally passed down through oral traditions, genealogies were later preserved in paintings and documents. Today, advancements in online records have revolutionized family history research. Just as ancient kings traced their lineage to deities, modern genealogy allows families to document their heritage and preserve stories for future generations.
Define Your Purpose
Before diving into research, clarify your goals. Do you want to:
Summarize your findings?
Share your family’s legacy?
Record and preserve stories passed down through generations?
Connect your family to local or national history?
Celebrate your ethnic heritage?
While it may be tempting to immediately collect as many ancestor names as possible, take a strategic approach. Begin by tracing your lineage back two to four generations, then expand by identifying their descendants. Next, reach out to living relatives to gather dates, stories, and documents. Prioritize preserving memories and historical records while they are still accessible.
Start with What You Know
Begin by documenting your own information, including your birth, marriage, and significant life events. Then, record details for your spouse, children, siblings, parents, and extended family. Verify all dates and places to ensure accuracy before moving further back in your family tree.
Recording information is just the first step. Organizing and preserving it is crucial for long-term accessibility. Online platforms such as Ancestry, FamilySearch’s Family Tree, and WikiTree enable you to connect with other researchers, build your family tree, and search through extensive databases of digitized records. Additionally, offline software programs like Family Tree Maker, Ancestral Quest, Legacy Family Tree, and RootsMagic provide tools to help you manage your data effectively. Free versions are available, while premium options provide enhanced features. Beyond names and dates, collect family stories and memories to bring your history to life.
Gather Important Documents
Documentation ensures accuracy and prevents misinformation. Start by collecting birth, marriage, and death certificates. Expand your search to include letters, newspaper articles, employment records, school documents, and other official records that contribute to your family’s narrative.
Seek Help from Family Members
Once you have compiled personal records, reach out to relatives. Ask specific questions about missing details and inquire about any family documents or photographs they may possess.
Don’t limit your research to official records. Encourage family members to share stories and memories. Record interviews or take notes to preserve their recollections. Prioritize conversations with the oldest living relatives to capture their invaluable insights before they are lost.
Label those photographs while you have living relatives who can help you. Write only on the back of photos with a pencil or archival pen/pencil.
Need Help Getting Started?
If you’re feeling overwhelmed or unsure how to proceed, I can help! For just $25 per hour, I offer guidance to streamline your research, provide expert tips, and help you build a family tree that future generations will cherish.
Start your journey today and uncover the rich history of your family!
For many years, I had a newspaper article about my second great-grandfather, but it was torn into two sections, making it hard to read. Plus, the person who cut it out removed the date, newspaper title, and publisher, so I couldn’t find it. Recently, I discovered the article online, and thanks to some amazing AI tools, I was able to transcribe it! I’m excited to finally share it with everyone so we can all enjoy the story together!
Captain Wescott Preparing For Season On “Dry Body of Water”
The article about Captain Wescott is from The Waynesville Mountaineer, published on June 1, 1939.
“Yes, I was born on Roanoke Island, where Virginia Dare first saw the light, but she had left before I got there,” said Captain John T. Wescott, with a twinkle in his eyes.
The captain, a landmark at the Lake Junaluska Assembly Grounds, has been in charge of the rowboats and has run the launch “Cherokee,” in which he has a third interest, for the past twenty-one years. Prior to his coming to the Lake, the captain had retired from the United States Coast Guard service, after 43 years of active duty.
“But I date back pretty well, even if I didn’t know Virginia,” continued Captain Wescott. “I was born in 1853, and I well recall the days when General Burnside captured Roanoke Island during the Civil War. We had food stored away to do us a year, but the soldiers took everything, and after they left, it looked like starvation. We had forty hogs and forty chickens, and they took them all. One of the Yankee officers, however, took an old hen away from one of the privates and came back and brought it to my mother. She kept it hidden in a barrel in the attic until she was sure the soldiers had left for good.”
“Another thing I remember were the decoy geese my father had and prized so much. They took them all and his guns too. We had been taking care of two Confederate soldiers who were wounded and suffering, and had asked us to give them shelter. So, when the Yankees found out about them, they took my father a prisoner. But what’s the use of recalling such things at this time? Somebody might have hard feelings about it, and I don’t mean it that way. I am just remembering when I was a child.”
Captain Wescott, erect, stocky, and ruddy-faced, denies in appearance and bearing the years he claims make up his age. He shows the clear skin of a person who has lived much in the open. His quarters in the Cherokee Inn, where he lives six months out of the year, are as immaculate as the cabin of a well-scrubbed ship. He showed us about. His closet, cedar-lined and large enough to hold a good-sized trunk, boxes, plenty of shelves, and rows of hooks for hanging garments, is as neat as a pin. Everything is in its place. But one could have guessed without being told where his great interest lay, for there were boat models.
“Yes, for twenty-one years I have run the ‘Cherokee’ on a regular schedule around the lake from 7 to 8 o’clock every evening except Sunday, during the entire season here. I always come early in April to get the rowboats and the launch ready for the summer,” he said.
“But after my years on the sea, I’ll have to admit that Lake Junaluska is the tamest body of water I have ever run a boat on. It’s like taking a broken dose of something for me to run the launch on Lake Junaluska, but then at 86, that’s alright, because I can’t do the work I once did,” said the captain.
“But I don’t like the looks of the lake a bit these days,” he continued. “Right now, it looks like I might have to hoist the old ‘Cherokee’ on wheels, because she has a poor chance of floating anytime soon. We are having a lot of dam trouble down here, but I think the good Methodists are having fun talking about their dam troubles,” he said when speaking of the present condition of the lake.
Lake Junaluska has been drained for work on the lake bed, and it may not be filled until July, which seems to be mighty hard on the captain, who is at work on his boats, getting them ready to float, with a “dry body of water facing the boathouse,” as he says.
The captain’s 43 years of service were seen in the Revenue Cutter, Life Saving, and Inland Service of the Government, and he was located some fifty-five miles from Cape Henry in the coast guard service for 30 years, retiring at the age limit of 65.
After his retirement, two of his daughters, school girls at the time, came to Lake Junaluska, and were so enthusiastic that they persuaded their mother and father to come to this section the next year. They did so, and both liked it. They soon bought the Cherokee Inn, which they owned and operated for many years.
Two years prior to the death of Mrs. Wescott, they rented the Inn to Mr. and Mrs. Claude Medford, who bought the place about three years ago and have since operated it. The captain has continued to make his home at the Inn, during the time he spends in this section.
The rest of the year, the captain spends with his six children, who are scattered from Greenville, Ky., to Richmond, Va. The greater part of the six months out of the mountains is spent with his son, who lives in Norfolk. When his longing for the old life on the coast of North Carolina gets too much for him, he visits his brother down in Manteo.
“I’ll be coming to Lake Junaluska to run the ‘Cherokee’ as long as I live,” said the captain. “I feel more at home here than most any place now.”
Footnote: We, my genealogical cousins and I, have been unable to find any record of John Senior being a POW, but that does not mean he was not one. It could have been an overnight stay in jail, or he had to pay a fine, or he was part of the prisoner exchange.
Read my blog to discover the incredible story of Captain Wescott and uncover the fascinating details about this remarkable man!
If you’re passionate about genealogy or just starting your family history journey, RootsTech 2025 is an event you won’t want to miss. While many amateur researchers may not be familiar with RootsTech, this conference offers incredible benefits for anyone interested in uncovering their roots.
Although the event takes place in Salt Lake City, Utah, RootsTech has expanded its reach by offering a robust online experience. When the COVID-19 pandemic forced a shift to virtual events, organizers realized the power of digital accessibility. Now, even if you can’t travel to Utah, you can still participate in webinars, workshops, and exclusive online content from anywhere in the world.
The In-Person RootsTech Experience
Attending RootsTech in person is an unparalleled experience. As the largest genealogy conference, it brings together DNA experts, historians, and family history enthusiasts for an inspiring and educational gathering.
Held in Salt Lake City, often referred to as the “Genealogy Capital of the World,” the event takes place near the world-renowned FamilySearch Library. Attendees can explore cutting-edge genealogy technology, connect with like-minded individuals, and gain insights from industry leaders. The exhibit hall buzzes with interactive displays, product demonstrations, and hands-on research opportunities.
Explore the RootsTech On-Demand Library
RootsTech provides access to an extensive library of on-demand sessions covering over 185 topics in more than 26 languages. Whether you are a beginner or an expert, you can filter sessions by day, skill level, or speaker to personalize your learning experience. Selecting “+ Schedule” on your favorite sessions allows you to build a customized agenda and view it under “My Schedule.”
For virtual participants, RootsTech offers a variety of engaging online activities, including:
Relatives at RootsTech – This feature connects you with other attendees who share common ancestors based on your FamilySearch Family Tree. The more information you add to your tree, the more cousin connections you’ll discover!
Photo Collage Creator – Make a visual family history keepsake.
Famous Relatives – Find out if you’re related to historical figures.
Personality Match – See which famous personalities share your traits.
Shared Surnames & Top Contributors – Connect with others researching the same family names.
200+ New Online Sessions – Learn from experts on RootsTech.org.
How to Register for RootsTech 2025
In-Person Conference:
Salt Lake City $129 US 3-Day Pass $79 US 1-Day Pass
RootsTech 2025 will take place from March 6–8, 2025, both in Salt Lake City, Utah, and online. Whether you attend in person or virtually, this premier family discovery event will inspire and empower you to explore your heritage like never before.
Don’t Miss This Opportunity to Connect with Your Past
RootsTech 2025 offers something for everyone, from beginner genealogists to seasoned researchers. Whether you want to uncover family connections, learn about the latest genealogy tools, or explore historical records, this event provides the resources and inspiration you need. Mark your calendar and start your journey of discovery today!
The company he founded is called Sonoco today, a global provider of packaging products and services. (Not to be confused with Sunoco) He also founded Coker University (which was Welsh Neck High School, then the Coker College for Women, now Coker University).
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Wouldn’t he be proud to know that his 5th cousin, 2x removed, Jeanne Wescott (my grandfather’s sister), attended Coker College in 1943? (Jeanne’s grandmother and James were 5th cousins.)
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Just a year after he married his wife, the Civil War began and James fought in the Ninth South Carolina Infantry. He rose to the rank of major before getting hurt at Lookout Mountain, Georgia, shattering his leg in 1863. In that battle, he was captured by Union troops. He was released after 10 months.
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From the fields of Hartsville, SC to the battlefields of Chickamauga, his journey transformed agriculture and education, leaving a legacy that shaped industries and communities alike.
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Watch the video to witness the extraordinary life of James who wore many hats—farmer, soldier, and industrialist—who, despite the scars of war, cultivated a legacy of innovation and education that endures to this day.
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In 2002, he was inducted into South Carolina’s Hall of Fame. CHStoday
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“He was able to hire so many people in desperate straits after the war that he just uplifted the progress of everybody, black and white, urban or rural. He also was a leader in racial and social progress,”
Founded in 1899, Sonoco Products Company is a United States-based international provider of diversified consumer packaging, industrial products, protective packaging, and packaging supply chain services and the world’s largest producer of composite cans, tubes, and cores. Wikipedia Stock price: SON (NYSE) $60.71 +0.07 (+0.12%) Dec 30, 4:00 PM EST – Disclaimer Headquarters: Hartsville, SC Subsidiaries: Sonoco ThermoSafe, MORE CEO: R. Howard Coker (Feb 2020–) Number of employees: 21,000 (2017) Revenue: 5.237 billion USD (Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020) Founder: James Lide Coker Founded: May 10, 1899
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Mat Stephanz’s story begins in Kansas City, where he lived from birth until his marriage to Clara in 1920. His journey also included service in the Navy, but where did his family come from? How did they settle in Kansas City?
To uncover this, I started with his last known residence and the most recent record I could access: his Social Security Application. You might have guessed I’d say his death certificate, but because that record is over 50 years old, it’s only available through a family member—possibly among my great aunt’s possessions.
The Social Security Application confirmed that Mathias Stephanz and Mary Svegel were Mat’s parents. This wasn’t entirely new information; family trees from my Uncle’s and a paper trail from Clara or Mat had suggested it. However, in genealogy, documentation is key to verifying claims.
For privacy, I edited the document to exclude Mat’s Social Security number.
Knowing his parents’ names wasn’t enough to trace their origins. Census records and connections to Kansas City’s Strawberry Hill provided further clues. The 1900 census listed both Mathias and Mary’s birthplace as “Austria,” while the 1910 census specified “Austria Germany.” According to Marshall’s research, they hailed from Črnomelj, Austria (modern-day Slovenia).
With this foundation, I found more census records: Mathias Štefanc appears in the 1920 and 1930 records, while Mary’s entries span 1920, 1930, and 1940. These documents revealed more about their lives: Mathias’s naturalization in 1900 and the fact that he didn’t finish school. Each census offered a glimpse into their journey as immigrants building a life in a new land.
One interesting article was written by a genealogical cousin, Peter Hawlina.
Slovenia by Peter Hawlina
Slovenia has been an independent country since 1991. Before this, it was a part of Tito’s Yugoslavia. Prior to the second world war it was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. Until the end of the first world war, it belonged to the Austrian Habsburg monarchy for centuries but also for a short time was under the direction of Napoleonic France. More than one thousand years ago the Slovenians lived in a Slavic empire led by King Samo. A more curious reader can read more about this in other publications. As an illustration, I will name just one example from modern history.
My sister was born in 1940 in the kingdom of Yugoslavia. I was born in 1941 under the Italian occupation in Italy. My brother was born in 1943 in Germany after the Italians capitulated, while my next sister was born in 1945 in the Federal Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia. We all were born in the same house in the suburbs of Ljubljana, so it is important for a genealogist to be aware of the fact that there were changing religious and civil jurisdictions at various times. These changes are of critical importance when conducting this research. I will not go into details but I will mention those characteristics that would be helpful to the inexperienced researcher.
The local parish church is dedicated to Saint Joseph and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Novo Mesto. Records from there are Status Animarum Records.
Status Animarum translates as “the state of souls.” They contain names and information about baptism, marriage, burial, and relationship to head of household for everyone living in a parish by house number. Spouses often show the town and house where they were born or moved. They were kept by the parish priests for internal purposes. Handwriting and format vary by priest. Below is the Status Animarum for Matijas’ household.
Deskova vas, Slovenia
Now known as Mathias and Mary Stephanz, they lived their remaining lives in Kansas City, Kansas, raising two girls and two boys. Mary was Naturalized in 1895, and Mathias in 1900.
By the 1920s, he was a “Cabinet Maker” at a Cabinet Shop. He took his “Coach Maker” skills to work on furniture. This skill took him to Abernathy Brothers Furniture Store. In 1936, while working as a “furniture packer” with Abernathy, he received an injury that infected and caused Streptococcus in his left hand. It seems it went downhill from there with pneumonia and fluid in his lungs. I wonder if it had to do with Kansas City experiencing one of the worst heatwaves in North America in the same year, causing it not to heal.
He died at only 68 years of age. For an interesting twist to this family, read Hidden In A Letter.
Above is his death certificate. It also lists where he was buried, Mt. Calvary Catholic Cemetery.
Another interesting tidbit. Had I known about this family in 2012, I might now live in Slovenia! In researching Mathias’ father, I received a Google response:
Matija Štefanc, rojen 17. 2. 1845, nazadnje stanujoč Dolenji Radenci 10, pošta Stari trg ob Kolpi, umrl neznano kdaj, je nedvomno že pokojni, ni pa mogoče dobiti dokazila o njegovi smrti. Poziva se vse, ki kaj vedo o Matiji Štefancu, zlasti o tem, kdaj in kje je umrl, da to sporočijo Okrajnemu sodišču v Črnomlju, najkasneje v treh mesecih po objavi tega oklica, ker bo sodišče sicer po preteku tega roka, imenovanega razglasilo za mrtvega. Okrajno sodišče v Črnomlju dne 21. 5. 2012
Google translation is:
Matija Štefanc, born 17. 2. 1845, last residing Dolenji Radenci 10 mail Stari trg at Kolpa, died when the unknown is no doubt already late, but it is impossible to obtain proof of his death. It urges all to what they know about Matija Štefanc, in particular about when and where he died, to report this to the Local Court in Črnomelj within three months after the publication of the notice because the court after the expiry of this period, known as declared dead. The District Court in Črnomlju of 21. 5. 2012
This land was the property of our ancestor, Matija Stefanc. As the Republic of Slovenia built a road through this land and they could not reach the person or next of kin, they proceeded with an act through the court, which proclaimed him dead.
Through careful documentation and family research, we’ve pieced together Mat Stephanz’s story, connecting the threads of his roots to his life in Kansas City. The journey to uncover your family’s past is as much about the process as it is about the stories you discover along the way.
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I received a copy of a letter from the Gunn Memorial Library and Museum, written in 2008 by Marlene Flanders, a former aide to Mrs. Verna Logan, who passed away in 1987. In the letter, she mentioned a story she had heard about the Rising Sun Inn, also known as The Logan Homestead, which allegedly harbored an “interracial couple”: a Cherokee Indian man and a white woman. I was intrigued by this account, as I had not come across it before. This blog post tells the story.
Letter written in 2008 by Marlene Flanders, former aid to Mrs. Verna Logan., who died in 1987.
The Beginning: Two Lives, Worlds Apart
In 1803, a boy named Killekeenah Oowaite was born into the Cherokee tribe in New Echota, Cherokee Nation (now Georgia, USA). His upbringing was steeped in the traditions of his family, including his father Dutse Oowaite, and his mother, the daughter of High Cherokee Chief Attaculcullah. Their family name was eventually shortened to Watie. Two years later, in Cornwall, Connecticut, Harriet Ruggles Gold was born into the prominent Gold family, whose legacy was rooted in strong Christian values and community leadership.
Education and Encounter
At 18, Killekeenah met Elias Boudinot, a Revolutionary War figure, a friend and counselor to George Washington, and former President of the Continental Congress, who saw potential in the young Cherokee man. Boudinot sponsored Killekeenah’s education, sending him to the Foreign Mission School in Cornwall, where he adopted the name Elias Boudinot. It was here that he met Harriet Gold, whose family often hosted students from the school.
Their friendship deepened into love, but the cultural and racial norms of the time set them on a path fraught with opposition and challenges.
The Challenges of Love
In 1822, Elias returned to the Cherokee Nation due to illness but remained in contact with Harriet and her brother Franklin through letters. By 1824, their correspondence revealed a deepening relationship. When Harriet shared her intentions with her parents, they vehemently opposed the union. The Gold family, known for its standing in Connecticut, was divided. Harriet’s brothers-in-law, both ministers, argued it was her Christian duty to prioritize the mission school’s reputation over her personal happiness.
Harriet, however, stood firm in her convictions. Despite public outcry and even the burning of an effigy depicting Harriet, Elias, and an ally, Mrs. Northrop, Harriet’s resolve did not waver. (Elias’ cousin, John Ridge also attended the Mission School, where he met Sarah Northrop, the daughter of the school’s steward. The two became romantically involved and wed in January 1824.)
The Honeymoon at the Logan Homestead
After enduring months of familial and societal pressure, Harriet’s immediate family softened their stance. In May 1826, Harriet and Elias married at the Gold Homestead and spent their wedding night at the Logan Homestead, which was fortified and protected by Captain Logan and his armed men. This act of defiance by Captain Logan ensured the couple’s safety during a time of heightened tension.
The couple left Connecticut the next day, embarking on a 47-day journey to the Cherokee Nation in Georgia.
A New Life and Tragic Loss
Settling in New Echota, Elias became the editor of the Cherokee Phoenix, the first tribal newspaper in the United States. It was printed in English and Cherokee, using the Cherokee syllabary created by Sequoyah. In her family letters, Harriet described a good life, and that she had been warmly welcomed upon her arrival. Harriet gave birth to six children, but tragedy struck during her seventh pregnancy. In May 1836, Harriet’s child was stillborn, and she passed away three months later at the age of 31. She was buried in New Echota, and Elias erected a tombstone made from marble brought from Connecticut—a testament to her enduring connection to her roots.
Elias Boudinot, formerly known as Killekeenah Oowaite
The Aftermath
The Cherokee Nation’s land was increasingly encroached upon by settlers, culminating in the infamous Trail of Tears. Elias’ eventual support of the Treaty of New Echota, which advocated for Cherokee relocation, marked him and others as traitors in the eyes of many. In 1839, Elias was assassinated for his controversial stance.
Harriet and Elias’ children were sent back to Connecticut, where they were raised by Harriet’s sister Mary Brinsmade. The boys, William, Frank, and Elias, attended The Gunn School in Washington, Connecticut, while the girls were cared for by their aunt.
Legacy of the Logan Homestead
The Logan Homestead, a witness to this extraordinary love story, remains a symbol of courage and resilience. Harriet and Elias’ union defied societal norms, blending two distinct cultures in an era resistant to change. Captain Logan’s decision to protect the couple during their wedding night speaks to the power of individual acts of bravery in shaping history.
Harriet’s grave stands as a poignant reminder of a woman who followed her heart, defied convention, and left an indelible mark on both her family and history.
Threatened by Georgia soldiers for championing Cherokee nationalism yet executed by his own people for treason, Elias Boudinot left a complex legacy.
1800 Photograph of the grave of Harriet Ruggles Gold Boudinot, New Echota, Gordon County, Georgia
Acknowledgments
Special thanks to Stephen Bartkus, previous Curator of the Gunn Historical Museum, and Sarah Griswold, previous Curatorial Assistant, for their invaluable contributions to the previous research by Mark Oliver*.
Gunn Memorial Library and Museum Archives. (Special thanks to Amy Campanaro and Corinne Tabolt.)
Correspondence of Harriet Gold and Elias Boudinot. To Marry an Indian: The Marriage of Harriett Gold and Elias Boudinot in Letters, 1823-1839. United States, University of North Carolina Press, 2006.
Historical records from the Foreign Mission School, Cornwall, CT.
“[Photograph of the grave of Harriet Ruggles Gold Boudinot, New Echota, Gordon County, Georgia].” 1800/1994. January 25, 2025. https://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/vang/do:gor379.
When I watched an episode of Who Do You Think You Are? featuring actress Allison Janney, I was captivated by her journey tracing her ancestor Stephen Hopkins. Hopkins survived a shipwreck on the Sea Venture in 1609 and found himself stranded in Bermuda. The ship’s name, Sea Venture, nagged at me as I watched. It sounded so familiar, as though I had encountered it before. Sure enough, a dive into my family history revealed an incredible connection. Here is the story of my ancestry and the Sea Venture!
“Historic Voyage, Sea Venture and Consorts at Sea 1609,” a 1984 oil painting by Deryck Foster
The Fateful Voyage of the Sea Venture
The Sea Venture, also known as the Third Supply, was the flagship of a fleet carrying six hundred passengers—including men, women, and livestock—to the struggling colony at Jamestowne. On July 23, 1609, a hurricane separated the Sea Venture from the rest of the fleet. After four harrowing days, the ship began to take on water. Miraculously, it wrecked between two reefs on the island of Bermuda, allowing all 140 passengers to disembark safely.
Among the passengers was Stephen Hopkins, Allison Janney’s ancestor. The Hopkins family’s survival story was remarkable, but my personal connection to the Sea Venture lay elsewhere.
My Ancestors and Jamestowne
Tracing my lineage through my great-grandmother Wescott’s line brought me back to Jamestowne. For historical context:
“In June 1606, King James I granted a charter to the Virginia Company to establish an English settlement in North America. By May 14, 1607, settlers landed on Jamestown Island to establish a colony 60 miles from the Chesapeake Bay.” (Source)
This leads us to Alice, my 11th great-grandmother, whose last name remains unknown. Alice’s first husband was Thomas Pierce, both born in England around 1585. Together, they had a daughter named Elizabeth. To understand Alice’s story, it is crucial to delve into Thomas Pierce’s history.
Thomas Pierce: A Life of Service and Tragedy
Thomas Pierce arrived in Virginia aboard the Margaret, which set sail in September 1619. He held a distinguished position as the Sergeant at Arms for the first legislative assembly in Virginia, which convened on July 30, 1619.
Pierce established a plantation south of Martin’s Hundred along the James River. On March 22, 1622, tragedy struck during the Indian Massacre of 1622. This violent conflict arose from tensions between colonists and the Powhatan people, exacerbated by the colony’s relentless expansion for tobacco cultivation.
Thomas, his wife, child, two other men, and a French boy were reported killed at the plantation. Thomas appears to have been a relative of Lt. William Pierce of the Sea Venture (1609), who served under George Yeardley, Captain of the Governor’s Company of soldiers. Williams’ daughter, Jane Pierce, was the third wife of John Rolfe (who was also on the Sea Venture), the guy who married Pocahontas.
Survival Against the Odds
Despite the devastation, Alice and her daughter Elizabeth somehow survived. It is believed they were among 20 captives taken by the Powhatan and later ransomed after about ten months in captivity. Identified survivors included Mrs. Boyce and Jane Dickenson, both widows of men killed at Martin’s Hundred.
The Bennett Connection
Alice later remarried Richard Bennett Sr. of Isle of Wight, VA, my 10th great-grandfather. It’s important to note that this Richard Bennett is often confused with another man of the same name, a governor of Virginia from 1652-55. The two Richards, while contemporaries, are from different lineages.
The internet is rife with misinformation about the Bennetts, often conflating the two families. However, careful research through sources like Virginia Immigrants and Adventurers: A Biographical Dictionary, 1607-1635 by Martha W. McCartney has helped clarify the facts.
The following is transcribed from Colonial Records of Virginia, R.F. Walker.
At Mr. Thomas Pierce’s House over against Mulberry Island. Master Tho: Pierce, his Wife, his Childe, John Hopkins, (could he be related to Ms. Janney’s Stephen?) John Samon, A French Boy.
Named by the first colonists for its dense population of wild mulberry trees, Mulberry Islandshows up in some of the earliest maps of Virginia, as well as the writings of Capt. John Smith.
Courtesy National Park Service, Colonial National Historical Park
The following is a paragraph wildly spread on the internet but has been proven false by many history sites such as Chauco (Chanco) Virginia Indian.
Southside Virginia Families, Vol. I by John Bennett Boddie
In fact, it is more realistic to believe what is written on Historynet’s website:
These female colonists, perhaps 20 in all, were virtually the only captives taken by the Powhatans in the uprising. Few details of their ordeal have survived, and information about their lives is almost nonexistent. In fact, we may never know if they shared the fascinating, if often horrifying, adventures of more well-known Indian captives in American history. It is certain, however, that these women witnessed the violent deaths of neighbors and loved ones before being abducted; that they lived with their enemies while the English ruthlessly attacked Indian villages in retaliation; and that they received no heroes’ welcome upon their return to the colony.
The Richard Bennett above is not my Richard. Thomas Bennett is mine and the father of my Richard Bennett (not listed), the son of Alice and Thomas and half-brother to Elizabeth.
Records were destroyed in the Civil War, so nothing more is known about Thomas except what was found in the will of Anthony Barham, who was one of Elizabeth’s husbands. Because of this will, we can trace his descendants.
Richard Bennett, Jr., my 9th great-grandfather, was born June 1, 1644, in Isle of Wight, Virginia. He married Ann, last name unknown, and they had five children. Again, you can read about all five in the above link.
Will of Richard Bennett Jr. made on March 3, 1720
Isle Of Wight County, Virginia March ye 3rd Day 1720 In the Name of God Amen. Rich’d Bennett in ye upper parish of Isle of Wight County in Virginia being sick & weak in body yet in perfect memory thanks be to God for it Do therefore do make this my Last Will & Testament as followith-first I Commit my soul to God our Heavenly Father trusting to be saved by Jesus Christ our only Saviour and my body on Earth to be Decently Buried & as for my worldly Goods I bestow as followith I Give and bequeath unto my son Richd Bennett to him & his heirs lawfully begotten of his body two hundred acres of Land & over it being Land where on my Son Richard now lives I give & bequeath unto my son James with ye other two hundred acres of Land where on he now lives. I lay to him & to his heirs lawfully begotton of his Body forever it is a Coveyance of four hundred acres of Land I bought of Mr John Coffers pattin of Land being fourteen hundred & fifty acres 1 Give & bequeath unto Jane Coffer & her two sons Rob Coffer & John Coffer to them & their heirs Lawfully of their body for ever my plantation and land whereon I now live I lay to them & to their heirs for ever it being part of Land Which was bought formerly of Mr Wm Miles I Give and bequeath unto Jane Coffer a small trunk & a Gold Ring and a Great Iron pot I Give & bequeath to Rich Coffer my Long Gun I Give & bequeath to Magdalen Coffer one Great pewter Dish and one Great Basin I Give and bequeath to Francis Manggum my Gran Daughter a feather Bed & all ye belongs to it 2 I Give and bequeath unto my Daughter Silvester a Couple of Dishes & a Couple of plates furthermore I do appoint Jane Coffer & Wm Allen to be my full and whole Exct to pay my Debts & to Receive what is owing to me & when these my Debts being paid ye rest of my Goods within Doores and outDoores to be Equally Divided amongst my Children Desiring this my trusty friends Jno & James Carter to See this my Last Will & testament fulfilled In Witness here of I sett my hand & Seal Rich’d R Bennett (Seal)
Richard Jr.’s daughter, Ann Bennett, married John Cofer circa 1699, my 8th great-grandparent. You can continue this line by reading my previous blog post, The Cofer Legacy: A Journey Through Generations.
Inside the fort at Jamestown, in the cellar seen just below the back wall of a stone foundation, archaeologists found a pendant that dates to the Virginia colony’s earliest years. A seventeenth-century church tower and the 1907 tercentenary obelisk are also seen. ~website at history.org
Reflecting on Family History
Discovering my connection to the Sea Venture and Jamestowne has been an exhilarating journey. It’s incredible to imagine the resilience of my ancestors, from surviving shipwrecks to enduring captivity, and their role in the early days of America. Their stories are not just tales of survival but of strength and determination, echoing across generations to inspire us today.
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Lately, I have been helping several people with their family history. One thing that they have in common is the same issue I ran into when I first started. They did not take full advantage of the document hint that was given to them when they were researching.
For instance, a man and I had both located a census on his relative. He took it at face value, only looking at the page that, in this instance, Ancestry® had provided. It showed the page of his ancestor and their children. However, when I looked at the same document, I found the wife’s family in the same census record. How? By using the back and forward arrows to look at the other pages in the census.
Most families tended to stay in the same neighborhood if not living together. In this case, they were neighbors. I’ve found that both sides of the family were neighbors up and down the street. Of course, with the inventions of cars, airplanes, and other transports, this won’t be the case for our generations and those that come after us; we move around more often.
Another common mistake is looking at the index only for information rather than the whole record. For instance, take this death record of my great-grandmother, Caroline Stitt Logan. The index shows her relevant details, such as her date of birth, date of death, etc.
But, if you click on the document, it shows her cause of death, the informant for the certificate (my great-grandfather signed it), where they lived, where her parents were from, and where her burial was.
Another example is this obituary that came up under Caroline’s name. If you only go by this index, then you would think that it is the obituary for Caroline, but it is not. It is for her father, William.
Click on the obit and look at all the information we have. It lists William’s father’s name and William’s children with their married names.
The most fascinating records to do this with are passenger lists and immigration paperwork. Not only can the passenger list tell you where your ancestor is going, but it can tell you where they are from and whom they are visiting. Some immigration paperwork will list family names, birth dates, etc. Depending on the time frame, you may even get a picture of the immigrant.
Dissect every document you can get your hands on. You never know what you may discover.
But what if there is no image to click on when you find an index? Look at the film number or the “source information” at the bottom of the index. For instance, here is the index for Elizabeth Hennig.
There is no document to click on and dissect. But, there is “Source Information.”
The source information tells me that the original data can be found in FamilySearch. After pulling up FamilySearch.org, click “Search” and “Records.” Then “Restrict Records By” “Film Number.” Enter the film number found on the Ancestry index. In this case, it is film number 527772. Once there, you click on the link it provides and then the film number from the index.
Click on the magnifying glass next to the record your researching, in this case, the 527772.
It would help if you remembered that humans indexed and scanned these records. Sometimes there is no rhyme or reason for how they scanned the images. If you are lucky, they are by date, but sometimes they are scanned in randomly. It would serve you well if you were patient.
Then go back, as you have been doing, and look at older records that you may have placed an index hint to and see if you can get more information from that source. You may be surprised!
Good luck! Let me know if you need assistance.
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My Eighth Great-Grandfather: Once Again, We Find the Wescott’s on the Shoreline
Many researchers have studied the Wescott name, but the exact origins of our lineage remain uncertain. Most findings are based on deductions rather than definitive records.
The earliest known record of our lineage traces back to John Wescott, who lived in Accomack County (now Northampton), Virginia. Much of the information about him comes from “The Miles Files,” a valuable research collection compiled by M.K. Miles. These files, generously donated to the Virginia Eastern Shore Public Library, contain over 83,000 names from the Eastern Shore counties of Accomack and Northampton, Virginia; Somerset, Worcester, and Wicomico in Maryland; and Sussex County, Delaware. This collection documents the Westcott family along with “hundreds of families from the Eastern Shore, from Charlemagne to the early 1900s.”
It is believed that John Wescott I was born in Accomack County, Virginia, in 1659. Although unproven, his father may have been William Wescott, one of three brothers from England and a nephew of Stukely Wescott.
John’s age was recorded in November 1684 in Northampton County, Virginia, as “Jno Wescott, 25.”
John married Elizabeth Clarke, daughter of George Clarke II and Elizabeth (maiden name unknown), before June 28, 1690, in Northampton County, Virginia.
The Elizabeths in this lineage can be confusing. In an email, M.K. Miles suggested that “George Clarke II’s first wife, Elizabeth, likely died after their children were born, and he then married a second wife named Elizabeth, who was young enough to be the mother of John Wescott’s children.”
John and Elizabeth frequently appeared in court records. One notable mention is a court order from June 28, 1690, in Northampton County, Virginia. On that date, “upon the petition of Wm. Sterlinge against John Wescott as marrying Elizabeth, the widow of George Clarke deceased, the court ordered Wescott to provide an account of Clarke’s estate at the next court session.” Sterlinge was Elizabeth’s first husband.
John was mentioned again in a court order on February 2, 1691, in Northampton County, Virginia. The record states that “John Wescott, having married Elizabeth Clarke, administrator of George Clarke’s estate, petitioned for a valuation of certain cattle on Hogg Island belonging to the deceased’s estate and for a division of the livestock between himself and Clarke’s children.”
John also witnessed a will before October 28, 1698, in Northampton County, Virginia. On this date, he, along with William Kendall and Robert Browne, witnessed the will of William Sterlinge, whose wife was named Elizabeth.
Another intriguing court case involved Elizabeth and Ellenor Carter, a freewoman, and revolved around 17th-century cloth. The dispute ultimately resulted in John Wescott paying a fine to Ellenor’s husband, Thomas Carter.
17th-Century Cloth and Its Importance
Dowlas was one of the most common linens of the period. Another widely used imported fabric was “ozenbrig,” a tough, coarse linen woven in Osnabruck, Westphalia. This fabric was used for making breeches, entire suits, sheets, table covers, and carpetbags.
In 1706, records indicate land transactions involving John Wescott. George Clarke sold several parcels on Hog Island, Northampton County, Virginia: 100 acres to William Harmanson, 200 acres to John Westcote, 100 acres to Edward Joynes, and 200 acres to Jonathan Bell.
On March 12, 1728, John was named in the settlement of his son’s estate. The court ordered John Wescott, as heir-at-law, to appear and explain why Simon Elliott should not be granted administration of the estate of Littleton Wescott, John’s deceased son.
John Wescott’s Will
John made his will on June 16, 1728, in Northampton County, Virginia. In it, he bequeathed:
100 acres on the south side of his land to his son John for life, then to his grandson John Wescott.
The remaining 100 acres, including his house and plantation, to his grandson Littleton Jarman.
The remainder of his estate (except for his mill) to be divided among his three children: John Wescott, Elclanah Barker, and Francis Ellit.
His mill to be shared between the two plantations.
Executors: His son John and son-in-law Simon Elliot.
Witnesses: Matthew Floyd, John Satchell, and John Esdell.
John Wescott passed away before July 9, 1728, when his will was proved in court.
Children of John and Elizabeth Wescott
John and Elizabeth had five children:
John Wescott II (c. 1692–before November 13, 1733) – Our ancestor
Elclanah Wescott (c. 1698–unknown)
Frances Wescott (c. 1700–unknown)
Littleton Wescott (c. 1702–before March 12, 1728)
A daughter (name unknown, c. 1704–before June 16, 1728)
Wescott Family Origins
Wescott Family Origins
Many believe that all Westcott, Wescoat, and Wescott families descend from Stukely Wescott. However, it is unclear whether our direct ancestor was Stukely, his brother, or his nephew. The exact lineage remains uncertain.
The name “Wes” is thought to derive from “Wessex,” while “Cot” may refer to a cottage or protected home.
The story of John Wescott and his descendants highlights the challenges of early American colonial life. Through court records, land transactions, and family connections, we gain a glimpse into the resilience and legacy of our ancestors. Though many details remain uncertain, the Wescott family played a vital role in shaping the communities of the Eastern Shore. As we continue our research, we honor their journey and preserve their history for future generations.
William R.M. Houston M.D. & Jean M. Mihalyka, Colonial Residents of Virginia’s Eastern Shore (Whose Ages Were Proved Before Court Officials of Accomack and Northampton Counties), p. 114. Albert Mack Sterling, The Sterling Genealogy, Volume One, p. 230 (William Sterling of Hungar’s Parish, Northampton County, Virginia). Frank V. Walcyzk, Northampton Co, VA, Bk 13, Orders & Wills, 1689-1698, Vol 1 (1689-1694), p. 154 (origin page number) (a division of the estate of George Clarke). James Handley Marshall, Northampton Co, VA, Abstracts of Wills & Administrations, 1632-1802, p. 161 (will of William Sterling, wife Elizabeth). Ralph T. Whitelaw, Virginia’s Eastern Shore (A History of Northampton and Accomack Counties), p. 369 (tract N62). James Handley Marshall, Northampton Co, VA, Abstracts of Wills & Administrations, 1632-1802, p. 264 (will of John Westcott).
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