As family historians, weโre no strangers to challenges. Our work requires patience and dedication, often navigating through countless records in search of a missing piece to the puzzle. While itโs all part of the journey, there are a few common mistakes and oversights that can hinder progress for beginners and seasoned researchers alike. Letโs explore some of these pitfalls and how to sidestep them, making your genealogy journey smoother and more accurate.
1) Unsourced Family Trees One of the biggest challenges in online research is coming across family trees that lack sources. Without citations, notes, or records to back up the information, it becomes nearly impossible to verify the accuracy of those entries. To avoid this, always make a habit of adding sourcesโwhether itโs a census record, a photo, or even a story passed down from relatives. It helps others (and yourself) to understand where the information originated.
2) Incoherent Information Mistakes happen, but spotting impossible scenariosโlike a person giving birth after their deathโcan feel confusing. Double-checking dates and cross-referencing records can prevent these errors from slipping in. Always remember, consistency is key in genealogy.
3) Duplicate Children When researching large families, especially in the 1800s, itโs important to verify childrenโs birth dates and names. Variations in nicknames across records (like Maggie for Margaret or Polly for Mary) can cause confusion, so be mindful of these when reviewing census records.
4) Unresponsive Genealogy Contacts Itโs always exciting to connect with distant relatives online, but donโt be disheartened if you donโt get an immediate response. While it can be frustrating, remember that people may have busy schedules. A gentle follow-up message is okay, and patience is key.
5) Recycling Unverified Facts Itโs tempting to adopt information from other family trees, but itโs important to verify facts before incorporating them into your own. Always take a moment to check records and sources; this will ensure that your family tree remains accurate and reliable.
6) Unlabeled Photos Photographs of ancestors can be priceless treasures, but unlabeled images can cause confusion. When sharing family photos, be sure to include as much detail as possibleโdates, names, and locations. Even if some details are unclear, adding context helps future researchers.
7) Irrelevant Records Itโs easy to misinterpret a record that seems to match an ancestor, but always consider the geographical and chronological context. If your ancestor spent their life in one place, itโs unlikely they have records in a far-off country without explanation. Keep track of family movements to avoid such missteps.
8) Mythical Surname Coats-of-Arms Be cautious when it comes to purchasing coats-of-arms tied to your surname. Remember, coats-of-arms are granted to specific individuals, not entire families. Itโs always worth researching the actual lineage behind such claims.
Genealogy is an exciting adventure, filled with moments of discovery and connection. While itโs natural to encounter challenges along the way, approaching your research with a discerning eye and a commitment to accuracy will ensure that the stories you uncover are as authentic as the ancestors who lived them. Whether youโre just starting out or diving deeper, keeping these common pitfalls in mind will help make your family history journey all the more rewarding.
As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.
Matthew Midyett โ Our Colonial Pioneer from North Carolina โ My 8th great-grandfather.
Legend has it that Matthew was shipwrecked on Bodies Island in North Carolina and chose to settle there.
Bodie Island, originally โBody Island,โ is reportedly named after a family (Robert Boddy/Boddie) who owned the land. Still, folklore would say that the name resulted from the many shipwrecked bodies that washed ashore.
It appears that the Midyett (Now Midgett or Midgette) line came from France.
Huguenot refugees landing at Dover, from the bicentenary commemorative issue of The Graphic, 1885. Huguenot Library
FraNCe: The French Heritage of North Carolina Paperback โ September 15, 2016
The map legend by H.Moll, geographer, reads: The English Claim the property of Carolina from Lat 29 & c degrees as part of Cabot’s Discoveries who set out from Bristol in 1498,at the charge of King Henry ye 7th but they did not take possession of that country till King Charles the ll’s time in 1663 who granted a patent to divers persons to plant all the territories within the North Lat of 36 deg & so west in a direct line to the South Sea.
Midyett: Midyett families, originally from Normandy, France, were early inhabitants of Bodie Island and the Outer Banks in the late 1600s. “Many Midyett girls married sailors of Black Beard’s three ships. The name was spelled different ways: Midyett, Midyette, Midgett, Midgette, but no matter how you spell it, they all came from Matthew Midyett who landed at Bodie Island, NC around 1600. He was a ship captain and was shipwrecked off the coast of the outer banks.”–Donald Midyett. ย Midyetts helped start the US Coast Guard by establishing life-saving stations on the Outer Banks. Some of the family found their way to Beaufort by 1850.1
William Keith Midgette recently stated on a Facebook group “I recently learned that the South River area of which London Towne was a part where Matthew Midyett lived from the late 1600’s to 1708 was settled by Huguenots, Quakers, and Scottish dissenters, so perhaps the hypothesis that the Midyett’s or Midiate’s were originally Huguenots has some possibilities.”
Miles Midgette “From information I have gathered over the years, it is entirely likely that Matthew Midgett’s forebears were Huguenots. The name originates near Marville (now France) which was part of the Spanish Netherlands for several hundred years and was a hotbed for Protestant fervor. Perhaps a million Protestants fled that region when the French took it over, many ending up in Kent, England as did the Midgett forebears. The name is Spanish for “son of the Archangel Michael”
William Keith Midgette “My hypothesis is that Matthew Midyett’s parents came from the Devon, Exeter, England area based upon the number of Midyett/Midiatt/Mediate’s I found in records of that area from 1500’s to the 1600’s. Whether they originally came from France or Netherlands, I can’t say yet until the link tieing Matthew to his parents is postiviely proven and them to England, but the info that Miles posted is completely plausible.”
Kay Lynn Sheppard is a Midgett by birth and has dedicated her career to genealogy by gathering every document related to Midgett or Midyett history she can find. She has been an invaluable resource for me and countless others. I’m fortunate to stay in regular contact with her.
Regrettably, there is an article that mentions the Thomas Midyett Bible, but Kay discovered that it is a hoax; it never actually existed. Additionally, the article claimed knowing the names of Matthew parents, yet, as Kay points out, there is โnot one shred of evidenceโ to support that assertion. Lastly, while she possesses a copy of the Matthew Midyett will, the original is currently missing from the North Carolina State Archives. Itโs truly unfortunate that individuals would take away from our heritage in this way. The archives are meant for everyone to explore and utilize!
Kay generously provided her ten pages of notes, which also include some from Nancy Frey. Please note that I do not possess copies of all the court records. I’ll include the website or source for the ones I’ve been able to find.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Matthew was born on April 10, 1676, and passed away on December 25, 1734, Christmas Day, on Bodies Island in what was once Currituck County, North Carolina. He wed Judith “Judy” White on July 13, 1702, in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Judith, the daughter of Samuel Whiteโevidenced by his willโwas born on August 3, 1681, in Anne Arundel County and died on September 26, 1744, on Bodies Island. (The White family is reportedly traceable back to Jamestown, which I will elaborate on in a future blog post once I have the evidence.)
In 1703, court records reveal that Matthew is a ship’s carpenter. The notes indicate that his father was also a boatswain, but there are no existing records regarding his parents to date. During the January court session, William Killburne entered into an apprenticeship with Matthew Midiate to learn the trade of ship’s carpenter.
“Comes hereunto court Mr. Charles Killburne and Rachel Freeborne and bring William Killburne, son-in-law to said Rachel and nephew to said Charles, into court and binds the said William, with his consent, to one, Matthew Midiate, shipcarpenter, to serve the said Matthew till he comes to the age of one and twenty years, being now by the court adjudged to be sixteen years of age the nineteenth day of march next. In consideration whereof the said Matthew undertakes and bindeth himself to do his utmost endeavour to teach the said William Killburne the art or mastery of a ship carpenter and boatwright and also to teach him to read and write so well as he can teach him, and in all other things to do by the said William as it is usual for such masters to do by orphans in the county of Ann Arundel.”ย 2
In June 1703, Mathew Midget recorded his livestock “mark,” which indicated that his cattle had “a crop and two slips in the left ear.” During this period, livestock was allowed to roam freely and graze. The sole method to distinguish one farmer’s animals from another’s was through the use of these registered ear marks.3
In 1703, Judith’s father passed away, bequeathing 10 pounds sterling to Judith and Matthew Midgett in his will.4
March Court 1704
William Bateman vs Matthew Midiate
Command was given to the Sheriff of Ann Arundel County that he should take Matthew Midiate, late of Anne Arundel County, shipwright, if he should be found in this bailiwick and should him safekeep so that he should have his body before the justices of her majesties county court to be held at Annapolis, the second Tuesday of March then next, to answer unto William Bateman of a plea of trespass upon the case etc.
On which second Tuesday of March viz.–the fourteenth of the same month A.D. 1704 comes the said sheriff and makes return that he has taken the body of the said Matthew as commanded etc.
Whereon the said William complains as follows viz.–Matthew Midiate Of Ann Arundel County, shipwright, was attached to answer unto William Bateman of a plea of trespass upon the case.
Whereupon the said William by Clement Davies, his attorney, complained that whereas the said Matthew Midiate at London Town in Ann Arundel County, within the jurisdiction of this court, the 24th day of February in the year 1699 stood indebted to the said William Bateman in the sum of one pound and ten shillings of lawful money, by the particular account herewith brought into court may appear, and the said Matthew being so indebted afterwards, that is to say, the 24th day of February in the year aforesaid, at the county aforesaid, in consideration thereof, did assume upon himself and to the said William Bateman, did then and now, faithfully promise, that he, the said Matthew Midiate, the said sum of one pound and ten shillings to the said William Bateman when thereunto required would well and truly consent and pay, nevertheless the said Matthew Midiate his promise and assumption aforesaid not at all regarding but contriving and fraudentally intending him, the said William Bateman in this behalf craftily and subtley to devise and defraud the aforesaid sum of one pound and ten shillings to the said William Bateman although often knew unto required viz.– the day, year and place last mentioned and at divers times and places knew he hath not paid but the same to pay and content or satisfy to the said William Bateman hath denied and refused and will and doth deny and refuse to the damage of the said William Bateman there paid and sent of lawful money and thereof he brings this suit.
Pledge & John Doe & Richard Roe
June Court 1704
Mathew Midiate due to William Bateman——1 pound 10 shilling for cakes & beer & punch & wine
Matthew Midiate has his attorney, W. Bladen, defend the charges brought against him by William Bateman. The justices of the Court award Mathew Midiate the sum of_____(not specified)__ pounds of tobacco for his costs & charges because William Bateman’s charges proved false.
August Court 1705
Matthew Midiate vs Charles Linthicum
This writ and one other “countermanded by the plaintiffs”
Matthew was again in trouble in January of 1707 along with Thomas MacNamara for breaking into a tobacco barn and stealing one sheep. In June Matthew posted bond for his later appearance, but he did not appear and the bond was forfeited.
In June of 1708, Charles Kilburne sued Matthew for debt. Matthew was not found “in the bailiwick” whereupon the court ordered Matthew’s goods attached. That indeed got Matthew’s attention. Matthew was in North Carolina by this time and appointed Richard Johnson and William Nicholson to represent him in the Kilburne suit. Kilburne promptly sued both men as well as Midgett.
Although Matthew had left Maryland in 1707 or 1708, in 1716 Matthew was ordered to pay William Bladen 24 pounds of tobacco for representing him in the 1704 suit. William was apparently a very patient man.
The move to North Carolina removed Matthew from the Queen’s jurisdiction and put him under the much looser jurisdiction of the Lord’s Proprietors.
In 1712, Matthew was living in Chowan County where he became a bit of a hero when he apprehended a brigantine belonging to Emanuel Low who had fired upon then Governor Edward Hyde and his supporters:
July 12, 1712. โ Upon petition of Matthew Midgett, praying he may be allowed fifty pounds, pursuant to a proclamation for apprehending Emanuel Low, which is to be allowed out of his estate if convicted : Emanuel Low being apprehended and brought before this board, for stirring up sedition and rebellion against this government, and endeavoring to subvert the same, was committed to the custody of the provost marshal therefor.5
Not long after that, in February 1712, Matthew received his first land patent on the south side of Albemarle Sound, 341 acres, land commonly known as White Oak Island, “joining the sound, the swamp and the pocoson and the great swamp”. This had been surveyed by Jonathan Bateman who assigned it to Matthew. 6
State Archives of North Carolinaย
In April of 1712, Matthew received another 360 acres on the northwest side of the Alligator Creek in Chowan precinct of Pasquotank County. This grant was signed by Governor Hyde.
State Archives of North Carolinaย
In 1713, Matthew sat on a grand jury.
However, later in 1713, Matthew was once again in trouble, accused of underhandedly making a patent on another man’s land, knowing that the man had cleared the land but had not gotten the papers filed. Anthony Alexander asked to have Matthew’s right to the land forfeited. The jury ordered that Anthony be granted the patent to the land and that Matthew could “take up any vacant land if there is any left”. 7
Matthew and Emanuel Low appeared to continue their discord. In volume 2 of the Colonial records, starting in 1713, Emanuel Low charged Matthew with breaking into his storehouse during Edward Hyde’s governorship and stealing some rum and sugar. The board concluded that Low’s complaint was “entirely scandalous, damaging, seditious, and untrue.” Perhaps Emanuel never fully forgave Matthew for the incident in 1711.
Mr. Emanuel Low prefering a petition to this board ag’ Mathew Mid-gett therein setting forth that y” said Midgett had feloniously broke open his store house in the time when the Hon ble Edw a Hyde was Gov r hereand had take thereout a quantity of Rum & Sugar &c and pray’s y e Gov rwarr’ to appehend him therefore and it appearing to this board that y”What y* said Midgett did in that regard was done by yยฐ authority of theGovernment and that y” Said Low has been considered & satisfied for y esame. Therefore It is the opinion of this board that y e Same Petition isaltogether’ Scandolous Infamous Seditious and false And therefore it isordered that y” Same be & is hereby rejected as Such.8
In 1717 he patented 200 acres in Currituck Precinct on the sand banks, south of Roanoke Inlet. See below:
State Archives of North Carolinaย
In 1721, Matthew and Samuel Midget were witnesses to a deed from Thomas Peartree to John Fitzpatrick. Matthew signed his name, while Samuel used a mark. Kay is uncertain about the identity of this Samuel Midgett. However, it’s likely that Matthew’s son Samuel, who was born around 1704 and would have been over 16 at the time, could have served as a witness if there were no other adults present.
In 1722, Matthew patents another 80 acres on “an island commonly called Bodyes Island, between Roanoke Inlet and his former survey”.
State Archives of North Carolinaย
In 1727, he patented an additional 1,900 acres on Cow and Bodyes Island, encompassing the entire length of nine and a half miles with a width of 100 poles. This area is described as “the seawall and all the marshland adjacent to it, commonly referred to as Cow and Bodyes Island… with a total length of 9.5 miles and an average width of 100 poles.”
State Archives of North Carolinaย
On December 21st, 1834 Matthew made his will.
In The Name Of God Amen: ye 21st day of December Anno 1734.
I, Mathew MIDYETT, of Body Island that is County of Albemarle being very sick and weak of body but of trew and perfect mind and memory thanks be to the almighty god for it and calling to mind the mortality of my body that it is appointed for all men wonce to die and do therefore put my last will and testament in wrightin therfore and first of all I give and recommend my Soul into the hand of the almity God that gave it and for my body I commend unto the Earth to be buried in a Christian like manner att the Discression of my Exetrs nothing doubting But att the general Resurrection I Shall Resive the Same — and foust [first] of my Disier is that all my lawfull depts be paid and as touching of my worly estate I give as in maner and forme following: Imprimis
Item: I give and bequeth unto my eldest son Samuel MIDYETT one hundred Eakers of Land lying and being on the South Side of Albemarle Sound alway Call his one [own] to him his heirs and asigns for Ever and futhermor I give unto my son Samuel sail cloth anouf to furnish his canneua [canoe] with one Sute of sails to him and his heirs for Ever.
Item I give and bequeth unto my son John MIDYETT one grate pereoarger and and [sic] sails that belong to her and a Small Cornua [canoe] that towes after her to him and his heirs and asines for Ever and fouthermore I give my son John one hamack on this Iland that has always gon by the name of Johns hamack for a prilavage of a stock to him and his heirs and assines.
Item I give and bequeth unto my son Josepth MIDYETT that part of the Iland whereon he now lives to him and his heairs or asines for Ever and Like wise and I give to my son Josepth one old connue called The Seaflower to him his heirs or asines.
Item I give and bequeth unto my Defters ann MIDYETT Cateran MIDYETT Judy MIDYETT, and Dinah MIDYETT Each and Every one of them a fether bed to them and their hears or asins for Ever.
Item I give and bequeth to my son,Samuel MIDYETT that part of the Iland whereon he now lives to him his heirs or asines for Ever and I give to my youngest Daufters Each of them the foust [first] two maire colts that is raised out of my stock to them and their heairs for Ever.
Item I give and bequeth to my sons Marthew MIDYETT and Thos MIDYETT this parte of Iland Wheron I now live from the Dugs Southely to them ther hears an their asines for Ever.
Item: I give my well beloved wife and my two Sons Marthew and Thomas and my younges Doafter Diner the priveleg of the Sea Side & Likwise my will and Desire is that my Son Marthew Shall not have the liberty of selling any part of the Land without he Should Com to his Sanses. Like wise I Give and bequeth to my well be Loved wife and my two Sons Marthew and Thomas and my Daufter Diner all the Rest of my movabel Estate in the house and the Rest of my Stock without to their youse and behoufe and hears for Ever and I Likwis my will and Disire is that all the Rest of my Land on the South Side of albemarle Sound may be Sold according as my Excutors see fitt and the money to be converted to the use of my well beloved wife and two sons Marthew and Thomas and my Dafter Dina to their use for Ever and Likwise my will and Desire is all my pork and pich tars Should fust be sold to purchase a negro and fouthermore I Give and bequeth to my two Sons Marthew and Thomas my two negros that I have already and that I leave to be purchased to them and their heirs and assigns for Ever. But my desire is that if my sons Marthew and Thomas Should Die without having heirs then this part of Dugs Sutherly to be Equely Devided amonkes my three Sons Samuell John and Josepth to them their heirs and assines for Ever and as to the personal Estate if they Should Die my disier is that my Sons and Deafters Should have it Equilily Divided amonkist them.
I Do hare apointe [rest of this line is torn] John, and Josepth to be my hole and lawfull exetrix and excuters and I do hare acknolege this to be my Last will and testament and do make void all and Disanoul all others whersom Ever they Shall apear as witness my hand and seale.
/s/ Matthew MIDYETT
Test before us the Subscribers
Tulle WILLIAMS
Josepth [His JO marke] OLIVER
Mary [her x marke] HUNTER
No Carolina} at a Court held for said Precinct at the Court house the first day of July anno Dom 1735
Currituck }
Present His Majesties Justices
These may Certifie that Tulle WILLIAMS one of the Subscribing Evidences to the Within will appeared in Open Court and Made Oath on the holly Evengilists that he was present and Saw Mathew MIDGETT Sign Seal and Declare the within to be and Contain his Last will and Testament and that the Said Mathew MIDGETT was then and at that time of Sound and disposing Memory and that he also saw Joseph OLIVER and Mary HUNTER signe there names thereto at the the Same time. Then also appeared Judea MIDGETT and Joseph MIDGETT Exx and Exr in open Court and took the Exers Oath in due forme of Law. Ordered by the said Court that the honble Nathl RICE Esqr Secretary of this province have notice thereon and the within Exx and Exr takeing the Oath [two words unreadable] appointed for Exx and Exrs that Letters Testamentory Issue thereon as the Law directs.
[On the back is written: Letters grantd Novemr 7th 1735]
Four days later, Matthew died.
Regardless of how many times Mathew appeared in court, he remains a key figure in our colonial heritage. The Midyett (Midgett) legacy continues to thrive today. Below is an article detailing their history within the US Coast Guard (Lifesaving Service).
This document has a lot more information of his land patents and court cases and was sent to me by Kay Lynn–> ย Matthew Midyett from Kay
She also sent me this information:
John Durant was the King of the Yeopim Indians at that time.ย The Colonial Records have many entries for Durant, including selling of thousands of acres of land.ย Matthew Midgett also stole rum & tobacco from Emanual Low which Low brought suit against him.ย I am enclosing a document on what I have on Matthew.10
Upon complaint of Jno. Durant, a Yawpim Indian, setting forth that when he was out against the Indian enemy under the command of Mathew Midgett, he the said Durant, tooke an Indian slave woman and the said Mathew Midgett took her away from him without any sattisfaction:ย And the matter being heard it is the opinion of this court that the said slave woman did belong to the said Durant, wherefore it is hereby ordered and decreed that the said Mat. Midget doe pay unto the said Durant, ten pounds in consideration of the said slave.
Matthew Midyettโs legacy as a shipwrecked pioneer, ship carpenter, and early settler of North Carolina’s Outer Banks endures through the generations of Midgetts who followed. His adventurous spirit and enduring contributions, from establishing lifesaving stations to navigating turbulent legal waters, have woven his name into the fabric of coastal history. As I continue to uncover more of his life, I am reminded of the strength and resilience that define our family’s roots. The journey of exploring our past is far from overโthere’s always another shipwrecked tale waiting to be discovered.
Have you ever wondered where your Irish ancestors might have received their education? In a time when formal schooling was forbidden for many, a unique and resilient form of education emergedโone that defied the harsh penal laws of the British Crown. Welcome to the world of Irish Hedge Schools, where knowledge was passed down in secret, hidden away in the countryside, beneath the very hedgerows that gave these schools their name. Join me as we uncover the history of these remarkable institutions and the brave souls who kept the flame of learning alive in the face of adversity.
For about two hundred years, this was an illegal, informal, and unofficial local education system.
In the mid-1600s, Oliver Cromwell’s arrival in Ireland led to the outlawing of bardic schools (secular institutions.) Cromwell’s notorious reputation for the massacre of Irish people and the confiscation of their lands has made him an unpopular figure in Irish and English history. Cromwell referred to the bardic schools as popish schools due to his belief that they taught superstition, idolatry, and evil Celtic customs.
A few decades later, when William of Orange was the British king, the British enacted the penal laws. These banned Catholicism and banned priests, which, of course, prohibited the teaching of Catholicism, whether in church or school or anywhere else, for that matter.
In response to discrimination, communities began taking control of their education. This led to the developing of a network of informal schools, referred to as hedge schools, throughout the country. These schools were strategically located to avoid detection by local authorities โbeneath the sunny side of a hedgeโ and were run by schoolmasters who charged a fee for their services. Hedge schools provided instruction in various subjects, including Latin and Greek.
Itโs believed that by the 1820s, Hedge Schools educated up to 400,000 students in 9000 schools. This remained in force until it was repealed in 1782. It wasnโt until 1967, with the Free Secondary Education Act in the Republic of Ireland, that secondary school education became open for all.
Because of the secrecy and illegalities, there are few records concerning these schools. Although you can scour the internet and find some teacher’s names in some places.
The story of the Irish Hedge Schools is a testament to the indomitable spirit of a people determined to preserve their heritage and educate their children, no matter the obstacles. While the records of these schools are scarce, their legacy lives on in the countless descendants who carry the torch of knowledge passed down through generations. As we reflect on this hidden chapter of Irish history, let us remember the resilience and ingenuity of our ancestors, who found a way to nurture minds even in the darkest of times.
With countless programs like FamilySearch and Ancestry offering quick hints and automated family trees, one is left to wonder: Why hire a genealogist or family history researcher when it seems so easy to trace your roots online? The answer lies not in the data itself, but in the stories, accuracy, and deeper connections that only an expert can uncover.
For one, they can help you find errors. These databases cannot always narrow in on your specific ancestor. Think about it: how many John Smith’s are there in the world? Reddit says there are 46,000 people named John Smith just in the U.S., while Whitepages.com says there are 33,031. Without some research, Ancestry or other databases cannot narrow it down to your one guy. A family history researcher or genealogist can also help you disprove details that you think are accurate but are actually incorrect.
Family history researchers can assist you in making sure your sources are reliable and reputable. Along with verifying the details in your tree, they can also assist you in finding the original source documents that support the facts for each member of your family, including parents, children, and dates and locations of birth and death.
In addition, because they have worked on numerous projects, genealogists are able to quickly determine the most effective strategy for your research. Through their access to specialized databases, professional colleagues, and personal libraries, they can also help you avoid wasting time and money on pointless research. This proficiency with available resources means we can quickly determine which repositories, collections, or databases are most likely to hold the answers you seek.
Genealogists and family history researchers can help you trace your ancestors, such as by discovering where your immigrant ancestors came from or researching a family line dating back to a specific time period. This can be helpful if you want to join a lineage society and need to prove that an ancestor participated in a historical event.
The majority of people who have dedicated time to researching their ancestry have at least one line that appears to be at an absolute dead end, or a “brick wall,” that they require assistance deciphering. Experienced researchers possess the knowledge and abilities needed to overcome challenging genealogical issues because they have experience solving them.
In order to confirm that the independent research you’ve done is accurate, you will want to engage the services of an expert. Perhaps the work of other family members has been passed down to you, or you’ve come across a lot of credible information online. but you’re simply unsure. An expert genealogist or family historian can examine your data, assess the reliability of your sources, and assist you in filling in any gaps in your records. If we identify a mistake in your tree, we can assist you in fixing it, so you don’t have to waste the next five years studying the incorrect line.
Once your family history narrative is complete, preserve your legacy. You can choose to have it presented in a binder or a custom hardbound book.
While online tools like FamilySearch and Ancestry offer a glimpse into your heritage, the depth, accuracy, and authenticity of your family history require the expertise of a seasoned genealogist. By hiring an experienced researcher, you’re not just piecing together names and dates; you’re uncovering the true stories, verifying the details, and connecting with your ancestors on a deeper level. A genealogist’s or family history researcher’s experience ensures that every branch of your family tree is accurately traced, every brick wall is meticulously examined, and your family’s legacy is preserved with the care and precision it deserves. When it comes to something as personal and meaningful as your heritage, entrusting it to a professional isn’t just an optionโit’s the best decision you can make.
AI-generated image using Microsoft Designer with DALL-E 3.
Katherine Schober is the CEO and Founder of Germanology Unlocked, translating client’s German documents to English. She also teaches her clients how to translate their own documents. In fact, in 2019, she launched “Reading the Old German Handwriting.” According to one of her posts, since then she has had:
*Over 1,200 excited and hardworking students
*Over 650 students in a course community Facebook group
*One new “German for Genealogists” course
*Multiple German handwriting workshops
*Countless brick walls are broken and ancestors discovered
I have been following Katherine for a while. I mean, I do have German ancestors everywhere! Recently, I’ve seen her posts about her work behind the scenes for one of my favorite shows, the PBS show Finding Your Roots with Dr. Henry Louis Gates. She has permitted me to post her blog about the process. It is quite interesting.
In fact, recently, she was able to meet one of the show’s guests, comedian Iliza Shlesinger, for whom she had translated German records of her ancestors’ recordsโyou can read about that at I Met Iliza Shlesinger: Finding Your Roots Meets Beverly Hills. Katherine has also translated documents for guests Cyndi Lauper, Lena Dunham, Paul Ryan, Pamela Adlon, Nina Totenberg, and Isabella Rossellini.
Below is a snippet of her translating process for the PBS Show Finding Your Roots.
So, how does translating for the show work? As I have now translated documents for Seasons 5-10, I can speak from my own experience โ Finding Your Roots is wonderful to work with. I usually receive a request from one of the McGee Media series producers an entire year or so before the planned episode will air โ but they have a lot of future research to do on their end, so the translation turnaround times are usually tight!
In the e-mail, the producer sends me the document(s) they will need translated, but there is one thing I do not know โ whose ancestors that document is for! I don’t find out that information until much later, about a week before the show airsโฆkeeping me in as much suspense as all of you!
Nevertheless, I still need to ask my normal translator question: “Can you tell me any names of people, dates, and towns related to this document?” Since the documents are often hundreds of years old, the last names are often different enough that it doesn’t immediately give away whose ancestors I am dealing with. And knowing the context of the document, for any client, helps significantly in deciphering the mystery words in the handwriting. Although I always verify any information given, knowing where to start looking for any more difficult handwritten words provides a significant head start in my research.
And then I get to work! While these translations are exciting to do, they work the same as I would do for any client. I first transcribe the handwritten text into typed German, verifying the mention of any towns with Meyers Gazetteer and verifying any last names with Geogen or other last name tools.
In wrapping up, Katherine Schober’s contributions to both genealogical research and popular media underscore the importance of meticulous translation work. Her expertise not only helps individuals uncover their ancestral stories but also brings these histories to life on a larger stage through shows like Finding Your Roots. It’s inspiring to see how her passion for history and language continues to bridge the past and present, making it accessible and engaging for everyone. For those of us with German ancestry, Katherine’s work is a vital resource, and I look forward to seeing more of her translations and insights in the future.
Schober, Katherine. โUnlock the Stories of Your Familyโs Past with German Genealogy Translations, Courses, Books, and More!โ Germanology Unlocked, 4 Apr. 2024, germanologyunlocked.com/.
A few weeks ago I wrote A Look at Time Management and Social Media Strategy. For the past couple of days, I’ve been giving my website a refresher. I searched for “how to rejuvenate a website” and “how to refresh the content of a website” and learned a lot about improving user experience and getting more traffic to my blog.
I have also been more engaged with my fellow family historians and genealogists on their websites, social media accounts, and other websites where others ask questions about their own ancestry and where or how to find something. It still amazes me how many people do not know about their families, even one generation back, or how tracking ancestry works. The number of people jumping to buy DNA tests, thinking they will give all the answers, is mind-boggling. One woman gave a review that her DNA test was terrible because it didn’t tell her who her father was. What?
However, another suggestion to improve my website traffic will have to be put on the back burner for now. It was suggesting a YouTube channel for my business. Not only am I not comfortable doing videos right now, but I just worked on my time management and do not want to add anything else to my plate. Did you know that according to SimilarWeb, YouTube is the 2nd most popular website on the planet? I actually have a YouTube channel. It has two videos on it from when I was teaching children about ancestry.
When visiting my website, you’ll notice a couple of new features. One is a sharing feature to the left of each page.
So, if you are reading something you think a friend or family member would be interested in, click on the icon on the left of your favorite share feature (email, Facebook, messenger, text, and others.) and share the content. Easy peasy!
Second, I have added a “Question or Comment” button. Here, you can quickly email me with questions about a particular blog post (this feature will only be on new blog posts) or a page on the website. You may even have a question about your ancestry. Every blog post currently has a comment feature already, but this box is highlighted on each page, so you can click on it whenever you think of something or see something not quite right about something I posted. Feel free to leave me some kudos, too!
Finally, I added an easy “Subscribe” button to each page. You will already be a subscriber if you receive this post in your email. However, if you are reading this post because you found me through a Google search, please Subscribe so you receive new posts as I publish them. Subscribers also get free access to my Free Resources page.
Sample
As I continue to refine my website and explore new strategies for enhancing user experience, Iโm excited to share these updates with you. From repurposing older content to engaging more deeply with the genealogical community, these changes are all part of my ongoing journey to provide valuable and accessible content for fellow family historians. While some suggestions, like creating a YouTube channel, will have to wait, Iโm thrilled about the new features that make it easier for you to connect, share, and stay informed. Whether youโre a long-time follower or new to my blog, I hope these updates make your experience even more enjoyable. Don’t forget to subscribe to stay in the loop, and feel free to reach out with any questions or feedback. Hereโs to discovering the past together!
I want to emphasize that all the research mentioned below was conducted by other individuals, and I simply discovered their work. Fortunately, our relatives were very supportive and willing to share their findings with me.
James E. Kunkle, a retired US Navy officer who resided in Colorado, passed away in 2017 at the age of 90. I had been corresponding with him since 2012. He and Wallace M. Kunkel (also deceased) have compiled the following history of the Kunkel families, which is available at the Family History Library, among other works authored by James, and at the Library of Congress. I have put a link to it here. A gathering and mingling of early Kunkel families
Wallace’s grandmother began the genealogy work in the late 1940s, spending long hours at her typewriter. She created genealogy books for her seven grandchildren as Christmas presents in the 1960s. Wallace, his daughter Mary, and his grandchildren have continued this work. When Wallace was alive, he collaborated with James on this historical project. It’s poignant that yesterday (I originally wrote this blog on April 8, 2018.) marked the anniversary of his passing. Wallace was also known as “Mr. Sawdust,” a skilled furniture maker and the founder of the “Mr. Sawdust School of Professional Woodworking.”
“At least forty families of Protestant Kunkels immigrated to America from Germany between 1728 and 1770. Some of the Catholic families of Kunkels immigrated to the United States after the War of 1812. Many of the early Kunkel families settled in Pennsylvania. Today, Kunkels live in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, and throughout the United States. The surname is spelled Kunkel, Kunkle, Gunkel, Gunkle, Konkel, Konkle, and other variant spellings.” -J.E. Kunkle & W.M. Kunkel, 1995 (415 pages of history).
A gathering and mingling of early Kunkel families talks about our first notable figure, Baron Johann Kunckel von Lรถwenstern, a German chemist. Around 1678, he replicated Hennig Brand’s discovery of phosphorus isolation. Kunckel later managed the laboratory and glassworks in Brandenburg as a court chemist and apothecary.
Ars Vitraria ExperimentalisJohannes Kunckel, Ars Vitraria Experimentalis, 1679
The illustration by George Smith from his 1738 chapter “The art of blowing glass in miniature” (fig. 3) is not labeled alphabetically, but Johannes Kunckel’s 1679 engraving (fig. 4) is:
A โ table around which four people may work at once
B โ the lamp, filled with oil and a strong cotton wick
Cโthe hole where the tapered blowpipe is attached . . . so that the air is directed onto the acute and concentrated flame, producing a flame that will melt glass. Goldsmiths have a similar system for soldering metal.
D โ bellows attached to pipes of tin that are hidden under the table
E โ lever, attached to the foot pedal
F โ ventilation hood
G โ foot treadle for the bellows, pressed by the worker
Left: Probably engraved by Gottfried Spiller (1658โ1728). Covered goblet with “Fruit Children,” before 1700. Gold ruby glass, H. 9 1/8 in. (23.1 cm). Focke-Museum, Bremer Landesmuseum fรผr Kunst und Kulturgeschichte, Bremen (68.253). Center: Ruby glass flute with “AR” monogram, around 1715. German, Dresden. Gold ruby and transparent glass (blown, cut), H. 23 cm. Green Vault, Staatliche Kunstkammlungen Dresden (IV 228). Right:Covered goblet, 1725โ35. German, Potsdam. Transparent dark gold ruby glass (blown, cut) 10 9/16 x 3 5/8 in. (26.9 x 9.2 cm). Corning Museum of Glass, Corning, New York, Bequest of Jerome Strauss (79.3.318) Gold ruby glass was perfected through alchemist and glassmaker Johann Kunckelโs experimentation under โจthe patronage of Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, at the electorโs glassworks in Potsdam. Its name comes from the addition of colloidal gold to the glass before melting, a complex operation that required the skills of both alchemist and glassmaker. Displayed in a Kunstkammer, glass pieces served as signs of the alchemical knowledge required to produce them.
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Continue Reading If You’re Interested in the Kunkle Line.
Our Kunkles trace back to my grandmother, Hilda Leonore Kunkle. However, I don’t have any personal stories to share as I didn’t know my dad’s family. I gained most of my knowledge later in life through my siblings, letters from my Aunt Elva (Hilda’s daughter), and documented facts and history shared by others.
Hilda married Glen Henry Logan in 1921 in Indiana County, Pennsylvania. Her father was Charles J. Kunkel. You’ll notice how the name is interchangeable with the -el and -le. He married Carrie Morrison in 1892. Charles lived most of his life in Westmoreland, Pennsylvania, until his wife died in 1937. He then moved to Michigan to live with his daughter, Hilda, and her family until his death in 1948 at the age of 82.
Charles’ father was Michael Kunkle. He also grew up in Westmoreland, Pennsylvania. In 1860, Michael married his neighbor, Esther “Hettie” Hawk. They were Lutherans, and Michael worked as a carpenter before becoming a farmer for the rest of his life. Michael passed away at the age of 80 in 1918 in Westmoreland.
Michael’s father was Daniel. They lived on Michaelsburg Plantation, a 336-acre estate owned by a family member. His family was among the First Families in Hempfield Township.
Some family stories were recorded in the History of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania by Boucher, John Newton; Jordan, John W. (John Woolf), 1840-1921, joint editor. Publication date 1906. Publisher New York, Chicago, The Lewis publishing company. Contributor Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center
Daniel married Mary Elizabeth Kepple, and they had a son named Michael. They moved from Westmoreland to Indiana, Pennsylvania, where he worked as a railroad lock tender. Unfortunately, Elizabeth passed away about 10 years later. After her death, he married Catherine Iseman in 1844, but she died of cancer in 1850. In 1852, Daniel married Sarah, whose last name is unknown. It is still unknown when Daniel passed away, but it is confirmed that he was alive at least until 1870, as he is listed in the census at age 66 and still working for the railroad.
I’ve been putting off delving into the Kunkel family, but now things are more interesting. The first names in the family often begin with Johann for boys and Anna or Maria for girls. I’ve had to redo my Kunkle family tree twice because I initially followed the wrong line. However, thanks to the help of other researchers, Vernon Cook and James Kunkle, I am now back on track.
Daniel’s father is Johann Jacob Kunkel (Gunckel), Jr. It is in this generation that the Kunkel and Gunckel names are interchangeable. He married Elizabeth Schaeffer in 1789 and had 10 children. My records indicate that he was a farmer, and his cause of death was “gravel.” After researching old terms for the cause of death, “gravel” seemed to refer to the modern equivalent of kidney stones. He is buried in Brush Creek Evangelical Lutheran Church Cemetery.
Johann Jacob’s father is Johann Jacob Gunkel, Sr. His father is our immigrant ancestor of this family. He was born in Breitenburg, Germany in 1746, and they immigrated in 1749 when Jacob was only 3 years old.
Tom writes, One of the first known settlers in Pine Grove area after the French and Indian War, 1689-1763, Great Britain Battles France over unsettled territories in N. America, was Jacob Gunkel. He was located on the site of the Eagle Hotel in 1771. Here, he laid claim to a tract of two hundred acres of land, which he subsequently purchased from John and Richard Penn, proprietors of the Colony of Pennsylvania, which included the site of the present borough of Pine Grove. The convergence of several roads on Gunkelโs plantation made it an excellent location for a tavern, and soon after he purchased the land, he erected a log building, Gunkelโs Tavern, which he kept till 1810 and then he removed to a farm about a mile south from the borough were he died in 1813. His property was located next to the property of his daughter Eva and husband Johannes Loffler.
Another source states he “kept a house of entertainment, and in 1795 opened a store which he kept until 1810. (Source: History of Schuylkill Co, PA, by W. W. Munsell & Co, – 1881). On May 21, 1810, Jacob Gunckel of Pinegrove Township, Berks Co, PA, yeoman, and Susannah, his wife, sell to John Gunckel, yeoman, for 255 pounds, land containing 235 acres, part of the larger tract of land called “Gunckel’s Farm.” (Deed book 24, page 488).
Cemetery records for St. Peterโs (Gunkleโs) Union Church of Pinegrove Township, Schuylkill County include the following references: Jacob Gunkel; born September 28, 1746; died September 2, 1813 Eva Lefler; born Mar 25, 1809; died Jun 21, 1841 Johannes Leffler; born Jul 5, 1764; died Aug 16, 1849; son of Gottfried, Mahanoy Twp., Northumberland Co. Eva Lofler (nee Kunkle); w/John; died Jan 26, 1857; 83y 11m 15d
Gunkelโs Cemetery, located across the street from St. Peterโs Lutheran Church, contains a memorial plaque that reads: Site of the 1st Reformed-Lutheran Church 1782-1817 Donated by Jacob & Susanna Gunkel
Joh. Jacob’s father was Johann John Gunkel, born in 1722 in Breitenborn, Germany. John Gunckel married Anna Margarethe Lorentz and arrived in America in 1749 with his young son. In the book “Naturalizations of Foreign Protestants in the American Colonies,” there is the following: “John Gunckel of Bethel Twp., Berks County, Pennsylvania, became a citizen 20 September 1761.” These naturalizations were performed at the Philadelphia County, PA Courthouse. https://archive.org/stream/naturalizationso24grea#page/75/mode/2up/search/gunckel
Johann has often been confused with Johann Michael Gunkel, who was the same age. They were first cousins from Breitenborn and used similar names for their children. They also attended the same church. By the way, Johann (John) also had a brother named Johann Jacob. Talk about confusing!
John is also our Revolutionary War ancestor. His SAR Patriot number is P-171729. The John Gunckel of Bethel Township, who performed Revolutionary War service and from whom we are descended, was enrolled in 1777-1779 in the First Class, Captain Valentine Shoufler’s Seventh Company, First Battalion, Lancaster County Militia. He was assessed 26 pounds in fines, according to the evidence of an undated list of Class Fines. (Pennsylvania State Archivist, Military Accounts (Militia), Records of the Comptroller General, at the Division of Archives and Manuscripts) Larry Patrick Cornwell, 138085, has a SAR-approved supplemental under this John Gunckel. Larry served as the Genealogist General of the National Society, Sons of the American Revolution from 2011-2014 (www.sar.org)
John died in 1795 at the age of 73.
John’s father was Lorentz Gunkel, born in Breitenborn, Germany. He immigrated to the US in 1751 on the ship the “Duke of Bedford” with wife and one child, from Rotterdam, and last from Portsmouth, England. Port of entry was Philadelphia, PA, on a Saturday. Records show that Lorentz settled first in Northampton Co, PA, and later pioneered in Allegheny & Westmoreland Counties, PA. He was a Revolutionary War soldier and a pensioned veteran. *(Record Sources: 1804, pg 335 (Supp. 1983) aud 9041, pg 459 (From Flรถrsbach, Germany).
Lorentz wed Anna Catharina Gundlach in 1709. It’s uncertain who the “young child” who immigrated with them is. However, it could be our ancestor, Johann Jacob, as he was born in 1746.
Lorentz’s father was Hans Gunkel, who was born in Neuhรผtten, Spessart, Germany, in 1636. He was known as a Catholic man. He married Margareth N. and worked in a “glass house.” They later moved to Breitenborn, where Hans was invited by Heinrich Gundlach, the headmaster of the Breitenborn Works, to recruit glass makers from all over the country in the 1670s and 1680s.
When I originally published this post, a cousin replied, introducing himself. He also stated, “I do not believe that anyone actually lived in a โGlass Houseโ I believe that this is simply a misinterpretation of the translation of Neuhutten. The Huts of glass were simply the buildings that were constructedโฆ or the kilnsโฆ that were used to make the glass. These kilns were made of bricks so they could be brought to new areas where the resources (forests) were over-exploited to the point that they had to move to continue to be able to make glass. When they relocated to the area of NeuHutten they simply called it that โNew Hutsโ.”
Hans Kunkel was a skilled glassblower, and many Kunkels were known for their glassblowing skills all over Europe at that time. Gundlach, an entrepreneur, made efforts to recruit the most talented glassblowers to come to Breitenborn. It is impressive that Hans Kunkel was still very productive in the 1680s. For instance, between January 4, 1684, and November 26, 1685, at around 50 years old, he produced 42,300 drinking glasses of various types and earned 91 fl. 16 alb (the equivalent of the dollar in those days). In addition to blowing glass, he occasionally attended the furnace, an important task for maintaining proper temperatures during the melting process.
During the winter months, the furnace stayed cold. The production period was 9 months per years – max. During the winter months, most of the works the people were also engaged in was cutting the firewood (beech and oak) for the furnace which did eat up a lot during the production period. So additionally they had another income. There were over 20 men permanently assigned to the fire wood cutting and handling, plus the seasonal ones. Hans Kunkel, for example, made 83-1/2 Clafter (7’x7’x3′) and earned 25 fl. additionally in 1689.
Despite all the hard work, Hans Kunkel lived to be nearly 100 years of age. There is a lot more similar data available, basically showing production figures, earnings, how they were paid (normally 50% cash, and the other in natural things, like grain, flour, etc. and the beverages, like beer and brandy were also brewing there.)
(Above Source: – “Heinrich P. Gรถbel” – Germany Researcher. (1994)
Hans’ father was Johann Michael, born in Glasshouse, Germany about 1600. He married Anna Katharine Naumann. He died in 1676. There is not much else known about him.
The Kunkels were already living in Neuhutten before the Thirty Years War. It seems that Neuhutten and that part of Germany were already in the Lutheran camp. The Kunkels all seemed to have been born, married, and died in “The Glasshouse” in Neuhutten.
Joh. Michael’s father was Johannes Jurg, born about 1565. He married Elisabeth Christina Houser.
The Kunkel family still live primarily in the Spessart Mountain range area, which is a mostly wooded region in the heart of Germany. There is a historical mention of an early Glasshouse in the Spessart area dating back to 22 August 1349. During that time, the area was under the jurisdiction of the Archbishop of Mainz.
The Union Letter (Bundesbrief) of 1537 (or the Federal Charter or Letter of Alliance) lists two KUNKELs, namely Jurge (George) and Hentze Kunkel, and in a later revision dated 24 February 1559, again two KUNKELs – George and Friedrich Kunkel. There are links, as glass-making was only carried down by the same families.–Janet and Robert Wolfe Genealogy, “Notes for Johann Jurg Kunkel and Elisabeth Christina Houser” Webpage: www.umich.edu/~bobwolfe/gen/mn/m6413x6414.htm Email address: JanetRobertWolfeGenealogy@gmail.com Go to the Genealogy Page for Johann Jurg Kunkel Go to the Genealogy Page for Elisabeth Christina Houser Go to the Kunkel surname index. Go to the Houser surname index. Go to the Home Page for Janet and Robert Wolfe Genealogy
Much research is still needed to fill out all the missing information; however, I have been told that genealogy records beyond this point are next to impossible to find due to all the wars that took place in this country. The Thirty Years War (1618-1648) destroyed many church records throughout Germany. So many records have been destroyed, and finding a cemetery with headstones that can be read after 500 years would be impossible.
All Kunkels do not accept the “dweller by deep water” definition of the name. Other research has yielded another possibility for its origin: It seems to derive from the Old High German name “KUHN,” meaning “wise.” (In this case, such a compliment would make it acceptable.) GUNKEL probably refers to living in deep water. In German, KUNKEL means the part of a spinning wheel called the distaff. A staff on which fibers such as flax or wool are wound before being spun into thread.
As you study the descendants of these families, you will find that intermarriages were rather common. Men had limited ways to meet eligible mates and could usually not go farther than they could walk or ride horseback to court. When there were family get-togethers, they met women who just happened to be related in one way or another. (James E. Kunkle- 2000)
Joh. Jurg’s father was Hans. Hans was born about 1530 in Glasshouse, Germany. He married Anna Catharina Wolfgang in 1554. Hans Kunkel of Neuhutten was called “Schwarzkoph” in the Parish records. Meaning “Black Forest.”
Some show Claus Kunkle, born 1490, as Hans’ father, and Conrad, born 1460, as Claus’ father, but I do not have sources to back these up.
The Coat-of-Arms of the Kunkel, Kunkle, etc., family is recorded in Rietstap’s Armorial General (Pg. 1144)
This link is one of James’ first works on the Kunkles and contains a lot of interesting information, from their Coat of Arms to their superstitions to their culture, customs, and rituals. Conkle/Kunkle File #1
While I couldn’t find exact Kunkel glass other than the original Johann’s, I did find some drawings of the glassblowers’ working areas in that century.
Glass blowing, from a Book of Trades, 1542 (engraving), German School, (16th century) / Private Collection / The Stapleton Collection / The Bridgeman Art Library
There is still much to learn about certain individuals in this family, and I hope to contribute to James and Wallace’s wonderful work. RIP, guys! You left a wonderful legacy for all of us.
Glass furnace, with workers. Georg Agricola (German, 1494โ1555). In De re metallica [Berckwerck Buch, Frankfurt-am-Main, 1580, p. cccxc]. Rakow Research Library, The Corning Museum of Glass (66820). Photo: The Corning Museum of Glass. Read more at https://www.cmog.org/article/lamp.
If you need research assistance, do not hesitate to contact me.
Your Family
Tree Research Specialist
As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.
The Stephanz family is my most exciting discovery yet. They have been what genealogists refer to as a ‘brick wall.’ Breaking through brick walls is very satisfying! Their Kansas story fascinated me, showcasing how they persevered through a language barrier and maintained their traditions in a foreign land. But I digress.
I’ll start with Mathias Paul Stephanz, Jr.ย Mat was born on 13 JUL 1894 in Kansas City, Wyandotte County, Kansas.ย His parents were Mathias Stephanz, Sr. and Mary Swegel.ย No, wait, that is incorrect.ย He was born to Matijas ล tefanc and Marijaย ย ล vegelj, but that is yet another story.
Matijas, Mathias, Joseph, Mary, Elizabeth, Marija- 1905 Kansas City, Kansas
Mathias, Jr. was born on a Friday over 120 years ago. My second cousin, Susan, told me that her father mentioned he was somewhat fair-haired when he was young, with blue eyes, and that he was a great father. She said he always spoke about how great his wife, Clara, was, constantly driving them all over or sailing with them across the country and the world, and how she was always packing up everything they owned whenever they moved. Her dad also mentioned that it only took one look from Mat to make all the kids behave. Susan added that Mat preferred Milwaukee over Kansas City because of the fun times they had at the lake, parties, and being with family, especially during the summers.
Mat was baptized in 1894 at St. Joseph’s Parish in Kansas City.ย He had one younger brother and two younger sisters.
They lived on Sandusky Ave./411 N. 4th Street (in the rear of the house) on what is known as Strawberry Hill.ย ย The addresses confused me until I realized that 4th Street curved into Sandusky, and they lived right on the border of those two roads.ย So, some census takers show Sandusky, and some show 4th St.ย
The house is still there. But a highway was built right through Strawberry Hill in 1957, forcing neighbors to move from their homes. See my blog about Strawberry Hill and the people who lived there.
Mathias lived in Kansas City until he was 24 years old in 1919. On July 9, 1916, he wrote a letter to his sister, Mary. The postmark on the letter indicates that it was sent from Detroit, Michigan. I can only assume he was visiting there. In his letter, he refers to his adventures in Toledo. The letter starts with what must be her nickname (written as he wrote with punctuation and spelling).
Dear Squib,
I got your letter all ok.ย I spent the 4th in Toledo and went to Toledo Beach sure had a good time.ย I am going to tell you something that I don’t want the old folks to know.ย I think I’ll marry in Toledo.ย I’ve got the girl at last I believe and I found her myself too.ย Her name is Bessie Jacobs.ย Tell you how I met her Elizabeth’s old friend Frances (can’t read last name) has been trying to land me “ha ha” the old fossil she got me to come over and meet her cousin from Detroit and this little girl happened to be there too and she didn’t introduce us but I made up my mind that I didn’t need any and the funny part of it Bessie told me later that she had her mind made up to know me too but Frances kept on her tail so much that I couldn’t talk to her alone until the next day.ย She is a telephone operator and I’ve got the job taking her home when I am there now there’s another fellow but his name will be mud before I’m done.ย Sis, you can talk about fast work, but listen to this I met about 2 o’clock Monday and Wed night about 12 I proposed (she would not give me a final answer yet) She didn’t know me well enough yet but I think my chances are good.ย I wish you or Leah could come here on a visit and meet herย I wonder if she is a big as Joe’s girl she weighs 103 pounds and reaches about to my arm pit and she wears glasses but she can look nicer in them than any girl I ever saw she 19 years old and she can cook and do housework too she’s not a fancy cook but she can put up a meal so I should worry. I’ll think I’ll move to Toledo and go living Alice’s husband is trying to land me a job there and I can be making 100 (word looks like “bones”) in a short time and I know I’ll like it better he’s got 2 uncles that are engineers too so it will all be in the family and I can save more money there too.ย What’s the matter with the King (Joe’s nickname maybe?)ย I thought he was going to be a candy maker he better try something where he can learn to be something so he won’t be a common laborer when he is my ageย I wish you all would move to Toledo you could all get jobs here easy enough and we could all have a dandy time better than in KC I believe.ย Well sis I guess I told you all I could so I will close now hoping to hear from you soon and tell all my friends hello for me Leah and Joe too (Leah must have been Joe’s sister, Lizzie- maybe a nickname) Tell that King to get a job dam quick and tell the Belgian hello too I almost forgot her.ย ย
P. S. I repeat I would like picture of the bunch as soon as possible.ย
This letter is interesting as there are a lot of Stephanz in my research showing up in Toledo.ย There is even a Mathias, except the age doesn’t pan out.ย Are there relatives in Ohio we didn’t know about?ย Are they the ones Mat is referring to in the letter? Is this why he is in Toledo at this time?ย There is a William R., a Francis J., and a Mathias.
In 2022, I found my answers.ย Found In A Letter answers these questions.
The marriage mentioned in the letter did not happen. Instead, Mat married Clara Elizabeth Hennig at St. Lawrence Catholic Church in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1920.
ย
ย
Can you identify the error in the previous record? Augusta was Clara’s mother, but it should indicate Mary as Mat’s mother. Also, Mathias’ name is listed with “neo-Conversus” underneath it. I’m not sure why it indicates him as a convert, as he was baptized in St. Joseph’s Parish in Kansas City.
The directory shows Mat living in Kansas City with his parents in 1916. I wonder what happened between his visit to Toledo in 1916 and his marriage to Clara in 1920 in Wisconsin. How did he meet Clara? Nine months after their marriage, Marguerite, my grandmother, was born in Illinois. I think around 1920, he joined the Navy, but I’m still trying to obtain the records. The department won’t send them to me because I’m not the next of kin. I haven’t appealed this decision yet.
He spent most of the next 47 years in the United States Navy. He was transferred to various locations: Wisconsin in 1920, Illinois in 1921, Pensacola, Florida in 1922, Norfolk, VA in 1926, the Canal Zone in Panama in 1932, Hawaii in 1935, back to Norfolk in 1939, Jacksonville, Florida in 1941, Oregon in 1944, and his last enlistment was in Jacksonville, Florida in 1950, where he retired as the Aviation Chief and made his home there. However, he didn’t retire but instead became the Finance Officer at American Legion Lake Shore Post 137. Mat and Clara had three daughters and two sons.
Mathias Stephanz, Jr. 1916Mathias P. Stephanz, Jr. abt 1920Chief Mathias P. Stephanz, Jr. 1930
Present Ranking F-4-D F.R. -31 Mar 1941- (Men transferred to Fleet Reserve upon completion of 20 years who were serving in the regular Navy on July 1, 1925, or who reenlisted under continuous service immediately thereafter.)ย ย ACMM (PA) (Aviation Chief MACHINISTS’S MA)
1941- Paul, Virginia, Buddy and Mat
1941- Paul, Mathias, Clara, Virginia, Clarice
Buddy and Mat 1941
Paul and Bess wedding, Clara & Matt in background
Alice & Ralph Hennig, Clara and Matt, Clarice and Virginia
Clara, Marguerite, and Mathias- VA Hospital in Tuskegee, Macon County, AL 1967
Although Mat passed away at the VA hospital in Tuskegee, Alabama, his body was transported back to Jacksonville, FL to be buried in Riverside Memorial Park that October.
What a life Mat led! Still, he died too young, at the age of 73. I wish I could have known him in person. I can only imagine the stories he could have shared with me as a kid growing up in Kansas, as a young adult with a young family, and during his very successful Navy career. Oh, the places and things he must have seen.
As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.
Have you ever looked at other family trees online? I have, and they are pretty interesting. You can certainly tell the beginners from someone who has been doing it a long time. I am not judging, not harshly, anyway, because I was a beginner, too.
If people use the trees only for aesthetic value, they can insert their ancestors’ names in the way they like. However, if you are using an online service and expecting hints or assistance from DNA matches, it’s essential to input names and dates correctly.
Here are the rules for correctly recording names in genealogy.
USE WOMEN’S MAIDEN NAMES. Always enter a woman’s maiden name if you have it (her surname at birth) in parentheses on a written/typed chart or a database’s last name field. When you do not know a female’s maiden name, insert her first and middle name on the chart, followed by empty parentheses (). For example, to record Sara Elizabeth, whose maiden name is unknown and who is married to John ROWAN, write “Sara Elizabeth ()” or “Sara Elizabeth () ROWAN.” When using a database such as Ancestry, MyHeritage, or Family Search, use the maiden name in the last name field. If you do not know the maiden name, leave it blank.
UNKNOWN NAMES. Do not put “LNU,” (Last Name Unknown), “UNK,” (Unknown), “MNU,” (Middle or Maiden Name Unknown) as these databases do not pick those up as you mean them. UNK is an absolute last name in Dutch. LNU is Vietnamese (Lฦฐu) from the Chinese surname ๅ in central and southern Vietnam. It is the Chinese variant of Lu or Liu. When it comes to names you do not know, you accept that you do not know it and leave the field blank or use () on a typed or written chart.
NAMES IN SEARCH ENGINES.
Ancestry: For better search results, provide more information for the search engine to match against. For example, specifying a middle name like “Lemuel” can help narrow down results when searching for someone with a common name like “John Smith.” There are fewer John Lemuel Smiths globally than John Smiths. Ancestry automatically considers common nicknames, abbreviations, and alternate spellings. An example of their tips is that a search for “Bill Smith” could also return results for “William Smith,” “Wm Smith,” “Bill Smyth,” or “B. Smith.” An exact name match is the most relevant, followed by common misspellings, nicknames, and other variations. Remember that names can be misspelled or mistranscribed in original records or indexes, so looking for alternate spellings may lead to the right match despite the name appearing incorrect.
Family Search: They state, “The more of a surname you type as a search term, the smaller the results list will be. Since many surnames have spelling variations, you may want to broaden your search. To do this, you can type only part of the surname. (Or truncating your search.) For example, if you type “Newcombe” as your search term, the computer will find only that spelling of the name. However, if you type “Newcom” as your search term, the computer will find any surname that begins with those letters, including Newcom, Newcomb, Newcome, Newcombe, and so forth.”
My Heritage: When typing in the name in their fields, advanced options appear and allows you to specify whether you want an exact match, whether to include spelling variations, matching initials, and so on.
The critical takeaway is to take a few minutes at the beginning of your search and learn how the particular database search functions. Most sites have a tips section.
RECORD NAMES IN THEIR NATURAL ORDER.โfirst, middle, last (surname/maiden name). Using full names whenever possible makes lineage easier to trace. If a middle name is unknown, you may use an initial if you have one. Write names just as they appear on a birth certificate or spoken aloud upon introduction; no commas are necessary.
LAST NAMES. In the computer world, typing in all capital letters is considered yelling. Most genealogists choose to print surnames in all capital letters. Capitalizing the last name is a matter of preference rather than correctness. However, capitalized last names make it easier to read and distinguish surnames from first and middle names on family trees and in publications.
NICKNAMES AND ALTERNATE NAMES. Most databases have a separate field for nicknames or “also known as” names. You should not put them in the main name fields. If using written or typed charts, include them in quotes after the first given name. If the nickname is customary (i.e., Dan for Daniel), it is unnecessary to record it because only more unique nicknames need to be written (i.e., Esther “Hettie” HAWK.) If a person is known by multiple names, perhaps due to adoption or a non-marital name change, include all alternate names in parentheses after the surname on charts or a written tree. Clarify this with an “a.k.a.”, also known as, before the full alternate name, so that anyone reading your chart understands that the following is an alternate name. An example is Johann Leopold SCHWITTKOWSKI (a.k.a. John Paul HENNIG). Record it even when parts of the name are the same.
ALTERNATE SPELLINGS. When researching your ancestor’s surname, consider alternate spellings, particularly if the spelling has changed throughout time. There are several reasons why a last name might have been altered, such as illiteracy. It was common for ancestors who could not read or write to spell their last name phonetically, based on how it sounds, and this often led to slight variations between generations. When documenting surname usage, start with the earliest known usage, followed by all later known variations. For example, as in my family tree, you would write John LOGEN/LOGGAN/LOGAN or Johann SCHWITTKOWSKI/ HENNIG.
MAKE NOTES. Most databases have a place where you can insert notes. When recording names in your family tree, write notes or use the notes field. Specify unusual or confusing details for clarity. For instance, if a female ancestor’s maiden name is the same as her husband’s surname, briefly note why you have entered the same last name twice for her. Explaining prevents others from assuming it’s a mistake and helps them understand its reasoning.
Adhering to these straightforward guidelines ensures that your genealogical data is sufficiently clear for others to comprehend.
๐โโ๏ธEXTRA TIP: Are you finding the best search results for locating your ancestors? Did you know that misspellings and transcription errors limit your search? Unsure about the spelling of your ancestor’s names in records?
It’s time to try a wildcard search!
One of the best search secrets is using wildcard characters like “*” or “?” to substitute for letters you don’t know or are unsure of. When you use these characters in a search, it instructs the search engine (such as Google or Ancestry) to consider any letter in that position as a match.
Before using the genealogy wildcard search, remember that “*” replaces zero to multiple characters, while “?” replaces just one character. Read the search tips section for the database you use for their wildcard characters.
Google is a valuable tool for genealogy research, providing access to various resources and information. Here are some tips for using Google for genealogy:
Specify Your Search
Identify what you want to find. Formulate your question to Google just as you would to a research librarian or archivist.
Use Search Operators
Use quotation marks to find exact matches. (You don’t need to put around the whole sentence. For instance, Where is the “National Dairy” in “Butte”)
The word “AND” includes multiple words or phrases. ย How do you tell the search engine that you want to find Web sites that contain references to Keyword Aย andย Keyword B? (Coal and Mines)
The word “OR” combines searches.ย It is beneficial for finding synonyms or related concepts. Using “OR” allows you to conduct multiple similar searches simultaneously, saving time.
Placing a tilde character (~) immediately in front of the keyword. asks Google to find pages with the word or words similar to it. The resulting pages for ~genealogy may include genealogy, family tree, roots, ancestry, heritage, vital records, or other words.
Use the minus sign (-) to eliminate keywords. The minus sign is just a hyphen in front of a term you want to have excluded from the search results. For example, if you were looking for a salsa recipe, you might search for salsa and discover multiple definitions. There’s the dance. There’s the music. Don’t forget the food. By using -dancing or -music, we can focus solely on salsa recipes: salsa -dance -music.ย Or, if you do not want onions, add -onions.
Don’t use “stop words.” Google often ignores small, commonly occurring words, such as ‘the,’ ‘at,’ and ‘of,’ and refers to them as stop words. When we search The Great Wall of China, we get about 471,000,000 results. By searching Great Wall China, we get about 815,000,000 results. And if we use the parenthesis around “The Great Wall of China,” we only get about 5,570,000 results.ย ย
Use 3-5 keywords for the most relevant results in a search query. Using too many keywords will limit your results.
Google Alerts
Google Alerts enables you to set up multiple keyword searches to track specific information for free. It allows you to monitor any keyword or phrase you like without manually entering it.
Use Google Maps
Select a location and then use the “find businesses” tab to identify points of interest like churches, cemeteries, and historical societies. You can also see the surrounding areas.
Use Google Earth
Discover your ancestors’ hometowns, see how they look today, and locate nearby buildings, schools, and churches. You can also utilize Google Earth Pro to generate personalized maps of your ancestors’ surroundings. Click and drag the image to take a virtual walk down the street where your ancestors once lived.
Use Google Images
Google Image Search will display photos with a brief title and website address when searching for ancestors’ names, surnames, or places they lived, including nicknames or abbreviations. It provides exact matches and visually similar images based on your uploads and critical phrases. Clicking on a result will bring up a pop-up with more details about the image, potential copyright status, and a gallery of related photos.
You may also want to try Google’s Reverse Image search. This technique uses a photo rather than text to search Google.
To perform a reverse image search on Google, follow these steps:
1. Go to Google.com and click the “Images” link in the upper right corner.
2. Click on the camera icon in the search box.
3. You can drag and drop a photo from your computer onto the Google Search page or click “Upload” to select an image from your computer or mobile device.
4. Review the search results page for the related images and information.
Use Google Photos
You can create, edit, and add maps and text to your photo albums, containing up to 20,000 photos or videos. You can organize your albums by family, surname, individual, or event and label them with relevant information.
Google Books (One of my favorites!)
You may already know that Google Books will keyword search within billions of pages of text in published books worldwide. Some of these books are even available to read on the site. Searching Google Books can lead you to facts, stories, new sources for your research, and even images. I’ve found many ancestors this way.
Google News Archive
Google News Archive is no longer actively digitizing and indexing newspapers. However, it can still help you find online content for specific newspapers. You can access an alphabetical listing of newspapers and enter keyword searches in the search box on the webpage for all the newspapers listed there.
Google Scholar
Google Scholar is the go-to resource for accessing scholarly articles, theses, dissertations, and other academic sources. It specializes in searching for high-level academic content. You can find specialized content on Google Scholar, such as biographies of little-known ministers or histories of small towns.
As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.
![FIG. 39. Glass furnace, with workers. Georg Agricola (German, 1494รขโฌโ1555). In De re metallica [Berckwerck Buch, Frankfurt-am-Main, 1580, p. cccxc]. Rakow Research Library, The Corning Museum of Glass (66820). Photo: The Corning Museum of Glass.](https://i0.wp.com/i.pinimg.com/564x/4e/49/5e/4e495ec5a072d9bb33f6f130891e9660.jpg?w=840&ssl=1)
However, he didn’t retire but instead became the Finance Officer at American Legion Lake Shore Post 137. Mat and Clara had three daughters and two sons.
Ancestry: For better search results, provide more information for the search engine to match against. For example, specifying a middle name like “Lemuel” can help narrow down results when searching for someone with a common name like “John Smith.” There are fewer John Lemuel Smiths globally than John Smiths. Ancestry automatically considers common nicknames, abbreviations, and alternate spellings. An example of their tips is that a search for “Bill Smith” could also return results for “William Smith,” “Wm Smith,” “Bill Smyth,” or “B. Smith.” An exact name match is the most relevant, followed by common misspellings, nicknames, and other variations. Remember that names can be misspelled or mistranscribed in original records or indexes, so looking for alternate spellings may lead to the right match despite the name appearing incorrect.
Family Search: They state, “The more of a surname you type as a search term, the smaller the results list will be. Since many surnames have spelling variations, you may want to broaden your search. To do this, you can type only part of the surname. (Or truncating your search.) For example, if you type “Newcombe” as your search term, the computer will find only that spelling of the name. However, if you type “Newcom” as your search term, the computer will find any surname that begins with those letters, including Newcom, Newcomb, Newcome, Newcombe, and so forth.”
My Heritage: When typing in the name in their fields, advanced options appear and allows you to specify whether you want an exact match, whether to include spelling variations, matching initials, and so on.
The critical takeaway is to take a few minutes at the beginning of your search and learn how the particular database search functions. Most sites have a tips section.
Microsoft Designer AI
You must be logged in to post a comment.